From Energy Security to Sustainable Development in Nigeria: The Role of Natural Gas
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May 12, 2026
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Opeyemi Yetunde Omotuyi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-3271
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-3271
Abstract
Even though Nigeria is blessed with an abundance of natural gas reserves, the country is still battling a high rate of energy poverty, as much of the population does not have access to clean and affordable energy. Hence, this paper seeks to explore the role of natural gas in enhancing energy security and sustainable development in Nigeria. In doing so, the paper explores specific issues such as the concept of energy security and its relationship with sustainable development, the state of energy security and sustainable development in Nigeria, the potential of natural gas in enhancing energy security and sustainable development in Nigeria, and the challenges and prospects of natural gas development in Nigeria. Relying on data and statistical reports from reliable databases, reports of empirical studies, and an in-depth review of relevant and current literature, the study employs a qualitative research methodology and doctrinal analysis in arriving at its objective. Analyses of data and statistical reports indicate that Nigeria is not making tangible progress towards the realization of energy security due to factors including inadequate energy supply to demand ratio, high cost of energy due to positive energy trade balance, connoting the country’s dependence on energy importation to meet its energy demands, and sustainability issues as a result of over-reliance on carbon-intensive energy sources. Further, empirical studies reviewed reveal that this state of energy security has implications for sustainable development in the country. The study, however, finds that the availability of abundant low-carbon energy resources such as natural gas makes its development an imperative for enhancing energy security and sustainable development in Nigeria.
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Keywords
Energy securitySustainable developmentNatural gasEnergy trilemmaNigeria
References
I. Books:
Ayoo Collins “Towards Energy Security for the Twenty-First Century” in Tolga Taner (ed) Energy Policy (Intech Open, 2020).
Goldemberg Jose “Rural Energy in Developing Countries” in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (UNDP, 2000).
Khatib Hisham “Energy Security” in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (UNDP, 2000).
World Bank Decarbonizing Natural Gas through Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 2023)
II. Articles:
Abanades Alberto “Natural Gas Decarbonization as Tool for Greenhouse Gases Emission Control” (2018) 6 Frontiers in Energy Research 1.
Abdallah Ahmad A. & Odetokun B. Odeleke “Energy Security in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects” (2023) 1(1) Journal of Arid Zone Economy 101-111.
Agbonifo Philip E. “Opportunities, Challenges and Obstacles to Economic Growth and Sustainable Development through Natural Gas in Nigeria” (2015) 17(5) Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 99-114.
Aigheyisi Scott O. & Ose B. Oligbi “Energy Poverty and Economic Development in Nigeria: Empirical Analysis” (2020) 1(2) KIU Interdisciplinary Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 183-193.
Aksyutin Oleg E., et al. “The Role of Natural Gas in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals” (2020) 10(4) International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 463-472.
Ang B.W., Choong W.L. & Ng T.S. “Energy Security: Definitions, Dimensions and Indexes” (2015) 42 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 1077-1093.
Dev Tithy, Morteza Haghiri & Gabriela Sabau “Impacts of Urbanization on Energy Consumption in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Zone” (2024) 16(18) Sustainability 8141.
Ekpu Matthias & Olusegun B. Obadina “Power Production Using Natural Gas in Nigeria: Trends, Challenges and Way Forward” (2020) 5(2) Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 873-885.
Famewo Ayomide S. & Vincent A. Uwala “Socio-economic Impacts of Rural Energy Poverty on Women and Students in Esa-Oke, Nigeria” (2022) 1(2) Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management 84-93.
Gitelman Lazar, Elena Magaril, & Mikhail Kozhevnikov “Energy Security: New Threats and Solutions” (2023) 16(6) Energies 2869.
Hachimenum N. Amadi, et al. “Renewable Energy in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges” (2024) 11(4) European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 51-60.
Okonkwo Chukwuma C., et al. “Renewable Energy in Nigeria: Potentials and Challenges” (2021) 56(3) Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 528-539.
Lesbirel S. “Diversification and Energy Security Risks: The Japanese Case” (2004) 5(1) Japanese Journal of Political Science 1-22.
Mulugetta Yacob, Essel Ben Hagan & Daniel Kammen “Energy Access for Sustainable Development” (2019) 14 Environmental Research Letters 1.
Ndubuisi O. Purity, Anekwe R. Ifeoma & Ekwochi Eucharia “Environmental Sustainability and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects” (2020) 4(1) International Journal of Academic Accounting, Finance & Management Research 6-11.
Ofosu-Peasah G., Ofosu Antwi & Blyth W. “Factors Characterizing Energy Security in West Africa: An Integrated Review of the Literature” (2021) 148 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 111259.
Ogwuche David D., et al. “Assessing the Impact of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Economic Growth in Nigeria: A VECM Approach” (2024) 8(1) Lapai Journal of Economics 1-13.
Ogwumike Fidelis O. & Uche M. Ozughalu “Analysis of Energy Poverty and its Implications for Sustainable Development in Nigeria” (2016) 21(3) Environment and Development Economics 273-290.
Onuh Peter, et al. “Challenges and Opportunities in Nigeria’s Renewable Energy Policy and Legislation” (2024) 23(2) World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 2354-2372.
Oyedepo Solomon Olayinka “Towards Achieving Energy for Sustainable Development in Nigeria” (2014) 34 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 255-272.
Sheng Pengfei, Yaping He & Xiaohui Guo “The Impact of Urbanization on Energy Consumption and Efficiency” (2017) 28(7) Energy & Environment.
Somoye Oluwatoyin A. “Energy Crisis and Renewable Energy Potentials in Nigeria: A Review” (2023) 188 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 113794.
Sovacool Benjamin K. & Ishani Mukherjee “Conceptualizing and Measuring Energy Security: A Synthesized Approach” (2011) 36(8) Energy 5343-5355.
Thai-Ha Le & Canh Phuc Nguyen “Is Energy Security a Driver for Economic Growth? Evidence from a Global Sample” (2019) 129 Energy Policy 436-451
Ugwu Justin, et al. “A Systematic Review on the Renewable Energy Development, Policies and Challenges in Nigeria with an International Perspective and Public Opinions” (2022) 11(1) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 287-308.
Wali Hassan N. “Impact of Energy Poverty on Human Capital: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Rural Households in Kano State, Nigeria” (2025) 13(1) Cogent Economics & Finance 1.
Warr BS & Ayre RU “Evidence of Causality between the Quantity and Quality of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth” (2010) 35(4) Energy 1688-1693
Zhao Pengjun & Mengzhu Zhang “The Impact of Urbanization on Energy Consumption: A 30-Year Review in China” (2018) 24 Urban Climate 940-953.
III. Websites:
“A Quest for Energy Security in the 21st Century: Resources and Constraints” A Report of Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre (2007), available at https://aperc.or.jp/file/2010/9/26/APERC_2007_A_Quest_for_Energy_Security.pdf
“Navigating a ‘Just Transition’ Amidst Energy Poverty in Nigeria”, available at https://www.surgeafrica.org/blog/navigating-a-just-transition-amidst-energy-poverty-in-nigeria
“Renewable Energy Share in Electricity Capacity in Nigeria from 2011 to 2023” available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278245/renewable-energy-share-of-electricity-capacity-in-nigeria/
“Rising Population and Urbanization in Nigeria” 14 April 2022, available at https://blog.mustardinsights.com/in-africa-r2SWJ/rising-population-and-urbanization-in-nigeria-LjvBw
“Volume of Natural Gas Produced in Nigeria 2013-2023” Statista 4 July 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1271402/production-volume-of-natural-gas-in-nigeria/
Adiatu Afeez “Assessing the Implications of Energy Access Deficit and Energy Poverty on Sustainable Development in Nigeria”, available at https://thecjid.org/assessing-the-implications-of-energy-access-deficit-and-energy-poverty-on-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/
Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions “Natural Gas”, available at https://www.c2es.org/content/natural-gas/
Egole Anozie “30% of Small Businesses Shut down in One Year – NASSI” Punch (NG) 8 April 2024, available at https://punchng.com/30-of-small-businesses-shut-down-in-one-year-nassi/
Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) “Natural Gas for Sustainable Development” (2023), available at https://www.gecf.org/_resources/files/pages/gecf-at-cop/gecf_cop28_brochure.pdf
Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) “The Role of Natural Gas in the Global Climate Agenda” (2018), available at https://www.gecf.org/_resources/files/publications/gecf_role_natural_gas_global_climate_agenda.pdf
International Energy Agency “World Energy Outlook 2022” available at https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/830fe099-5530-48f2-a7c1-11f35d510983/WorldEnergyOutlook2022.pdf
Kolawole Yinka “60% Manufacturers Forced Off-grid Due to Unreliable Power Supply – Minister” Vanguard (NG) 4 March 2025, available at https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/03/60-manufacturers-forced-off-grid-due-to-unreliable-power-supply-minister/
Kowalski George & Sead Vilogorac “Energy Security Risks and Risk Mitigation: An Overview”, available at https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/oes/nutshell/2008/9_Energy_Security_Risks.pdf
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q1 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241342
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q2 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241377
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q3 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241448
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q4 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241482
Nigeria in “Sustainable Development Report 2024”, available at https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/profiles/nigeria
https://www.surgeafrica.org/blog/navigating-a-just-transition-amidst-energy-poverty-in-nigeria
Nwozor Agaptus, Segun Oshewolo, & Oluwaseun Ogundele “Energy Poverty and Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: An Exploratory Assessment” International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Environment, Covenant University, 18-20 June 2019., available at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/331/1/012033
World Energy Council “World Energy Trilemma 2024: Evolving with Resilience and Justice” (2024), available at https://www.worldenergy.org/publications/entry/world-energy-trilemma-report-2024
World Health Organization “Household Air Pollution Attributable Deaths” in World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory, available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/household-air-pollution-attributable-deaths
Agosta Alessandro, Gillian Boccara, Giorgio Bresciani, Nicholas Browne, Berend Heringa “The Impact of Decarbonization on the Gas and LNG Industry” McKinsey & Company, June 30, 2021, available at https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/oil-and-gas/our-insights/the-impact-of-decarbonization-on-the-gas-and-lng-industry
Attah Tony “The Future of Gas, Nigerian Economy and the Global Energy Transition” Africa Oil and Gas Report, October 2024, available at https://africaoilgasreport.com/2024/10/gas-commercialisation/the-future-of-gas-nigerian-economy-and-the-global-energy-transition/
Bjerde Anna “Lighting Up Africa: Nigeria Can Show the Way” 29 February 2024, available at https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/africacan/lighting-up-africa-nigeria-can-show-the-way
Crentsil Aba Obrumah “Energy Access is Fundamental to Sustainable Development, But Too Elusive” Southern Voice, 18 September 2023, available at https://southernvoice.org/energy-access-is-fundamental-to-sustainable-development-but-too-elusive/#:~:text=The%20critical%20role%20of%20energy,dependable%2C%20and%20clean%20energy%20services
The Atlantic Council Global Energy Centre ‘The Role of Natural Gas in a Decarbonized World’ (2021), available at https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/role-of-natural-gas-in-a-decarbonized-world/
PWC “Evaluating Nigeria’s Gas Value Chain”, available at https://www.pwc.com/ng/en/assets/pdf/evaluating-nigeria-gas-value-chain.pdf
Sasu Doris D. “Electricity Demand in Nigeria 2000-2023” Statista 13 August 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1306955/electricity-demand-in-nigeria/
Sasu Doris D. “Proved Natural Gas Reserves in Nigeria 2011-2023” Statista 23 July 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1387331/proved-natural-gas-reserves-in-nigeria/
Sasu Doris D. “Total Renewable Energy Capacity in Nigeria from 2011 to 2023” available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278083/renewable-energy-capacity-in-nigeria/
“Businesses Suffer as Electricity Crisis Festers” Daily Trust (NG) 17 March 2024, available at https://dailytrust.com/businesses-suffer-as-electricity-crisis-festers/
Ayoo Collins “Towards Energy Security for the Twenty-First Century” in Tolga Taner (ed) Energy Policy (Intech Open, 2020).
Goldemberg Jose “Rural Energy in Developing Countries” in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (UNDP, 2000).
Khatib Hisham “Energy Security” in World Energy Assessment: Energy and the Challenge of Sustainability (UNDP, 2000).
World Bank Decarbonizing Natural Gas through Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS) (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank, 2023)
II. Articles:
Abanades Alberto “Natural Gas Decarbonization as Tool for Greenhouse Gases Emission Control” (2018) 6 Frontiers in Energy Research 1.
Abdallah Ahmad A. & Odetokun B. Odeleke “Energy Security in Nigeria: Challenges and Prospects” (2023) 1(1) Journal of Arid Zone Economy 101-111.
Agbonifo Philip E. “Opportunities, Challenges and Obstacles to Economic Growth and Sustainable Development through Natural Gas in Nigeria” (2015) 17(5) Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa 99-114.
Aigheyisi Scott O. & Ose B. Oligbi “Energy Poverty and Economic Development in Nigeria: Empirical Analysis” (2020) 1(2) KIU Interdisciplinary Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 183-193.
Aksyutin Oleg E., et al. “The Role of Natural Gas in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals” (2020) 10(4) International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 463-472.
Ang B.W., Choong W.L. & Ng T.S. “Energy Security: Definitions, Dimensions and Indexes” (2015) 42 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 1077-1093.
Dev Tithy, Morteza Haghiri & Gabriela Sabau “Impacts of Urbanization on Energy Consumption in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation Zone” (2024) 16(18) Sustainability 8141.
Ekpu Matthias & Olusegun B. Obadina “Power Production Using Natural Gas in Nigeria: Trends, Challenges and Way Forward” (2020) 5(2) Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 873-885.
Famewo Ayomide S. & Vincent A. Uwala “Socio-economic Impacts of Rural Energy Poverty on Women and Students in Esa-Oke, Nigeria” (2022) 1(2) Journal of Sustainability and Environmental Management 84-93.
Gitelman Lazar, Elena Magaril, & Mikhail Kozhevnikov “Energy Security: New Threats and Solutions” (2023) 16(6) Energies 2869.
Hachimenum N. Amadi, et al. “Renewable Energy in Nigeria: Prospects and Challenges” (2024) 11(4) European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 51-60.
Okonkwo Chukwuma C., et al. “Renewable Energy in Nigeria: Potentials and Challenges” (2021) 56(3) Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University 528-539.
Lesbirel S. “Diversification and Energy Security Risks: The Japanese Case” (2004) 5(1) Japanese Journal of Political Science 1-22.
Mulugetta Yacob, Essel Ben Hagan & Daniel Kammen “Energy Access for Sustainable Development” (2019) 14 Environmental Research Letters 1.
Ndubuisi O. Purity, Anekwe R. Ifeoma & Ekwochi Eucharia “Environmental Sustainability and Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Problems and Prospects” (2020) 4(1) International Journal of Academic Accounting, Finance & Management Research 6-11.
Ofosu-Peasah G., Ofosu Antwi & Blyth W. “Factors Characterizing Energy Security in West Africa: An Integrated Review of the Literature” (2021) 148 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 111259.
Ogwuche David D., et al. “Assessing the Impact of Fuel Subsidy Removal on Economic Growth in Nigeria: A VECM Approach” (2024) 8(1) Lapai Journal of Economics 1-13.
Ogwumike Fidelis O. & Uche M. Ozughalu “Analysis of Energy Poverty and its Implications for Sustainable Development in Nigeria” (2016) 21(3) Environment and Development Economics 273-290.
Onuh Peter, et al. “Challenges and Opportunities in Nigeria’s Renewable Energy Policy and Legislation” (2024) 23(2) World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 2354-2372.
Oyedepo Solomon Olayinka “Towards Achieving Energy for Sustainable Development in Nigeria” (2014) 34 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 255-272.
Sheng Pengfei, Yaping He & Xiaohui Guo “The Impact of Urbanization on Energy Consumption and Efficiency” (2017) 28(7) Energy & Environment.
Somoye Oluwatoyin A. “Energy Crisis and Renewable Energy Potentials in Nigeria: A Review” (2023) 188 Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 113794.
Sovacool Benjamin K. & Ishani Mukherjee “Conceptualizing and Measuring Energy Security: A Synthesized Approach” (2011) 36(8) Energy 5343-5355.
Thai-Ha Le & Canh Phuc Nguyen “Is Energy Security a Driver for Economic Growth? Evidence from a Global Sample” (2019) 129 Energy Policy 436-451
Ugwu Justin, et al. “A Systematic Review on the Renewable Energy Development, Policies and Challenges in Nigeria with an International Perspective and Public Opinions” (2022) 11(1) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 287-308.
Wali Hassan N. “Impact of Energy Poverty on Human Capital: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the Rural Households in Kano State, Nigeria” (2025) 13(1) Cogent Economics & Finance 1.
Warr BS & Ayre RU “Evidence of Causality between the Quantity and Quality of Energy Consumption and Economic Growth” (2010) 35(4) Energy 1688-1693
Zhao Pengjun & Mengzhu Zhang “The Impact of Urbanization on Energy Consumption: A 30-Year Review in China” (2018) 24 Urban Climate 940-953.
III. Websites:
“A Quest for Energy Security in the 21st Century: Resources and Constraints” A Report of Asia Pacific Energy Research Centre (2007), available at https://aperc.or.jp/file/2010/9/26/APERC_2007_A_Quest_for_Energy_Security.pdf
“Navigating a ‘Just Transition’ Amidst Energy Poverty in Nigeria”, available at https://www.surgeafrica.org/blog/navigating-a-just-transition-amidst-energy-poverty-in-nigeria
“Renewable Energy Share in Electricity Capacity in Nigeria from 2011 to 2023” available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278245/renewable-energy-share-of-electricity-capacity-in-nigeria/
“Rising Population and Urbanization in Nigeria” 14 April 2022, available at https://blog.mustardinsights.com/in-africa-r2SWJ/rising-population-and-urbanization-in-nigeria-LjvBw
“Volume of Natural Gas Produced in Nigeria 2013-2023” Statista 4 July 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1271402/production-volume-of-natural-gas-in-nigeria/
Adiatu Afeez “Assessing the Implications of Energy Access Deficit and Energy Poverty on Sustainable Development in Nigeria”, available at https://thecjid.org/assessing-the-implications-of-energy-access-deficit-and-energy-poverty-on-sustainable-development-in-nigeria/
Centre for Climate and Energy Solutions “Natural Gas”, available at https://www.c2es.org/content/natural-gas/
Egole Anozie “30% of Small Businesses Shut down in One Year – NASSI” Punch (NG) 8 April 2024, available at https://punchng.com/30-of-small-businesses-shut-down-in-one-year-nassi/
Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) “Natural Gas for Sustainable Development” (2023), available at https://www.gecf.org/_resources/files/pages/gecf-at-cop/gecf_cop28_brochure.pdf
Gas Exporting Countries Forum (GECF) “The Role of Natural Gas in the Global Climate Agenda” (2018), available at https://www.gecf.org/_resources/files/publications/gecf_role_natural_gas_global_climate_agenda.pdf
International Energy Agency “World Energy Outlook 2022” available at https://iea.blob.core.windows.net/assets/830fe099-5530-48f2-a7c1-11f35d510983/WorldEnergyOutlook2022.pdf
Kolawole Yinka “60% Manufacturers Forced Off-grid Due to Unreliable Power Supply – Minister” Vanguard (NG) 4 March 2025, available at https://www.vanguardngr.com/2025/03/60-manufacturers-forced-off-grid-due-to-unreliable-power-supply-minister/
Kowalski George & Sead Vilogorac “Energy Security Risks and Risk Mitigation: An Overview”, available at https://unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/oes/nutshell/2008/9_Energy_Security_Risks.pdf
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q1 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241342
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q2 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241377
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q3 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241448
National Bureau of Statistics “Electricity Report Q4 2023”, available at https://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/elibrary/read/1241482
Nigeria in “Sustainable Development Report 2024”, available at https://dashboards.sdgindex.org/profiles/nigeria
https://www.surgeafrica.org/blog/navigating-a-just-transition-amidst-energy-poverty-in-nigeria
Nwozor Agaptus, Segun Oshewolo, & Oluwaseun Ogundele “Energy Poverty and Environmental Sustainability in Nigeria: An Exploratory Assessment” International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Environment, Covenant University, 18-20 June 2019., available at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/331/1/012033
World Energy Council “World Energy Trilemma 2024: Evolving with Resilience and Justice” (2024), available at https://www.worldenergy.org/publications/entry/world-energy-trilemma-report-2024
World Health Organization “Household Air Pollution Attributable Deaths” in World Health Organization, The Global Health Observatory, available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/household-air-pollution-attributable-deaths
Agosta Alessandro, Gillian Boccara, Giorgio Bresciani, Nicholas Browne, Berend Heringa “The Impact of Decarbonization on the Gas and LNG Industry” McKinsey & Company, June 30, 2021, available at https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/oil-and-gas/our-insights/the-impact-of-decarbonization-on-the-gas-and-lng-industry
Attah Tony “The Future of Gas, Nigerian Economy and the Global Energy Transition” Africa Oil and Gas Report, October 2024, available at https://africaoilgasreport.com/2024/10/gas-commercialisation/the-future-of-gas-nigerian-economy-and-the-global-energy-transition/
Bjerde Anna “Lighting Up Africa: Nigeria Can Show the Way” 29 February 2024, available at https://blogs.worldbank.org/en/africacan/lighting-up-africa-nigeria-can-show-the-way
Crentsil Aba Obrumah “Energy Access is Fundamental to Sustainable Development, But Too Elusive” Southern Voice, 18 September 2023, available at https://southernvoice.org/energy-access-is-fundamental-to-sustainable-development-but-too-elusive/#:~:text=The%20critical%20role%20of%20energy,dependable%2C%20and%20clean%20energy%20services
The Atlantic Council Global Energy Centre ‘The Role of Natural Gas in a Decarbonized World’ (2021), available at https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/event/role-of-natural-gas-in-a-decarbonized-world/
PWC “Evaluating Nigeria’s Gas Value Chain”, available at https://www.pwc.com/ng/en/assets/pdf/evaluating-nigeria-gas-value-chain.pdf
Sasu Doris D. “Electricity Demand in Nigeria 2000-2023” Statista 13 August 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1306955/electricity-demand-in-nigeria/
Sasu Doris D. “Proved Natural Gas Reserves in Nigeria 2011-2023” Statista 23 July 2024, available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1387331/proved-natural-gas-reserves-in-nigeria/
Sasu Doris D. “Total Renewable Energy Capacity in Nigeria from 2011 to 2023” available at https://www.statista.com/statistics/1278083/renewable-energy-capacity-in-nigeria/
“Businesses Suffer as Electricity Crisis Festers” Daily Trust (NG) 17 March 2024, available at https://dailytrust.com/businesses-suffer-as-electricity-crisis-festers/
How to Cite
Omotuyi , O. Y. . (2026). From Energy Security to Sustainable Development in Nigeria: The Role of Natural Gas. International Review of Law, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.29117/irl.2026.0352
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Articles in English