القيمة القانونية للاتفاقيات الدولية في النظام الدستوري الفلسطيني: إشكاليّة المزاوجة بين نظامي الوحدة والثنائية
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منشور
ماي 7, 2025
Copyright Information
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
أحمد حسني علي أشقر
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9801-4151
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9801-4151
الملخص
يهدف هذا البحث إلى دراسة مكانة المعاهدات الدولية في النظام الدستوري الفلسطيني في ظل الارتباك في العلاقة بين القوانين المحلية والمعاهدات الدولية نتيجة التفسير الغامض للاجتهاد القضائي من قبل المحكمة الدستورية العليا الفلسطينية. وأدى هذا الخلط إلى ظهور نظريتي الأحادية والازدواجية مجتمعتين في تحديد العلاقة بين التشريع الفلسطيني والمعاهدات الدولية التي صادقت عليها دولة فلسطين. ويأتي ذلك نتيجة تقاعس المشرع الدستوري الفلسطيني عن تحديد طبيعة هذه العلاقة ومكانة المعاهدات الدولية المصادق عليها ضمن هرم التشريع.
وقد اتبع الباحث المنهج الوصفي التحليلي للوصل إلى النتائج والتوصيات. يخلص المؤلف إلى أن نظرية الأحادية هي النظرية التي تشكل النهج الحقيقي لضمان سيادة المعاهدات الدولية على القانون المحلي. وذلك لأن القانون الأساسي الفلسطيني المعدل لعام 2003 لم ينص على أي آلية لدمج القواعد المستمدة من المعاهدات الدولية المصادق عليها في النظام القانوني المحلي.
ويكتسب هذا البحث أهمية خاصة في دراسة مكانة الاتفاقيات الدولية من خلال تحليل الاجتهاد القضائي في ظل عدم وجود نص دستوري يحدد هذه المكانة.
المقاييس
يتم تحميل المقاييس...
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الكلمات المفتاحية
اتفاقيات دوليةالأحاديةالثنائيةالمحكمة الدستوريةالدستور
المراجع
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Malanczuk, Peter. Modern Introduction to International Law. Seventh ed., Harper Collins, London, 1997.
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Salahdin, Amer. Introduction to the Study of International Law. Dar al-Nahda, Cairo, 2003.
Shatnawi, Ali. Encyclopedia of Administrative Justice. Dar Al-Thaqafa, Part One, 2011.
Tawam, Rashd and Khalil, Asem. Enforcement of International Agreements in Palestine: Legal Problems and Constitutional Solutions, Birzeit Position Paper Series for Legal Studies. Birzeit University, Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Constitutional Law Unit, January 2019.
The Amended Palestinian Basic Law of 2003, Official Gazette, (Palestinian Gazette), No. (0), dated 03/19/2003.
The rule issued by the Court of Cassation held in Ramallah is available online at https://maqam.najah.edu/judgments/6438
United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1155. https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/englih/conventions/1_1_1969.pdf
Abu Hani, Ali. The Problem of the Enforcement of International Treaties in Domestic Laws, Journal of Scientific Research and Studies, Faculty of Law, University of Medea, Algeria, Volume 3, No. 1.
Abu Musameh, Imran Yahya. The Legal Regulation of Commitment to International Treaties in Palestinian Legislation, A Comparative Study of Islamic Sharia. Master’s Thesis, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine, June 2017.
Al-Anazi, Alaa Abdel Hassan and Al-Obaidi, Sudad Taha. The Concept of International Protection of Human Rights and the Constrains it Faces. Al-Mouhaqqiq Al-Hilly Journal of Legal and Political Sciences, second issue, sixth year, 2014.
Al-Ashqar, Ahmad. The Role of the Judiciary in Harmonizing Legislation with International Agreements, Legal Agenda website, Beirut, dated 3-30-2015., For more information on this Article, see: http://legal-agenda.com/article.php?id=1050&folder=&lang=ar
Al-Ghwanmeh, Hashem. The Status of International Treaties within the Principle of Hierarchy of Laws in the Palestinian Constitutional System, Arab Journal for Scientific Publishing 60, sixth edition, 2023.
Al-Shammari, Fahd. The Legal Impact of International Treaties on the National Judicial System, Comparative Study. Master’s Thesis, United Arab Emirates University, College of Law, Department of Public Law, November, 2018.
Al-Sinjari, Salwan. International Human Rights Law and State Constitutions, PhD diss., College of Law, University of Mosul, 2004.
Bourouba, Samia. Jurisprudence in the Application of Human Rights Standards in Arab Courts, Algeria - Iraq - Jordan - Morocco – Palestine. publications of the Raoul Wallenberg Institute for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law, Sweden, Amman Regional Office, 2012.
Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women, Concluding Observations on the Initial Report of the State of Palestine, UN document CEDAW/C/PSE/CO/1, item 12, 25 July 2018.
Constitutional Court’s Ruling Regarding the Status of International Agreements in the Palestinian Legal System, Birzeit Legal Studies Position Paper Series, Birzeit University, Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Constitutional Law Unit, December 2017.
Council of Ministers Resolution No. 51 of 2004 regarding signing bilateral agreements, Official Gazette (Palestinian Gazette), A, 52, January 2005.
Draft Palestinian Constitution, published on the website of the Palestinian Ministry of Foreign Affairs on 26 March, 2003, at the following link: http://www.mofa.gov.ps/arabic/Palestine/constitution.php
Fayeq, Muhammad. Human Rights Between Particularity and Universality, book of the Arab Human Rights, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, 1999,
Khalil, Asem. Comparative Constitutional Issues, Constitutional Code No. 9/2015, without publisher, 4/9/2015.
Laroussi, Abdelaziz. Moroccan Legislation and International Human Rights Conventions, Legal and Constitutional Accommodations, Publications of the Moroccan Journal of Local Administration and Development, Current Topics Series, Issue 87, first edition, 2014.
Malanczuk, Peter. Modern Introduction to International Law. Seventh ed., Harper Collins, London, 1997.
Palestinian Court of Appeal, Civil Appeal No. 220 (2008), database of the Technical Office of the Palestinian Supreme Court, Ramallah, date of revision 10/1/2024.
Palestinian Supreme Constitutional Court, Appeal No. 4 of 2017, Case No. (12) of Judicial Year (02), The Palestinian Gazette, No. 138, 11/29/2017.
Palestinian Supreme Constitutional Court, Constitutional Interpretation Decision No. (5 of 2017), Request No. (2) of Judicial Year 3, Interpretation, The Palestinian Gazette, No. (141), dated 1/2/2024.
Palestinian Supreme Court of Justice, Ruling No. 531/2010, database of the Technical Office of the Palestinian Supreme Court, Ramallah, reviewed on 20/1/2024.
Paulson, Stanley L. Some Issues in the Exchange between Hans Kelsen and Erich Kaufmann. Available online at https://scandinavianlaw.se/pdf/48-17.pdf
Rigaux, F. Hans Kelsen on International Law. European Journal of International Law (1998), available online at http://www.ejil.org/pdfs/9/2/1493.pdf
Salahdin, Amer. Introduction to the Study of International Law. Dar al-Nahda, Cairo, 2003.
Shatnawi, Ali. Encyclopedia of Administrative Justice. Dar Al-Thaqafa, Part One, 2011.
Tawam, Rashd and Khalil, Asem. Enforcement of International Agreements in Palestine: Legal Problems and Constitutional Solutions, Birzeit Position Paper Series for Legal Studies. Birzeit University, Faculty of Law and Public Administration, Constitutional Law Unit, January 2019.
The Amended Palestinian Basic Law of 2003, Official Gazette, (Palestinian Gazette), No. (0), dated 03/19/2003.
The rule issued by the Court of Cassation held in Ramallah is available online at https://maqam.najah.edu/judgments/6438
United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1155. https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/englih/conventions/1_1_1969.pdf
كيفية الاقتباس
أشقر أ. ح. ع. . (2025). القيمة القانونية للاتفاقيات الدولية في النظام الدستوري الفلسطيني: إشكاليّة المزاوجة بين نظامي الوحدة والثنائية. المجلة الدولية للقانون, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.29117/irl.2025.0320
القسم
الأبحاث باللغة الإنجليزية