The Predictability of Self-Digital and Professional Competences in the Professional Quality of Life among School Counselors in Jordan
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Dec 7, 2025
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Naela Abdul-Kareem Ahmed Alguzo
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-5560
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9616-5560
Abstract
This study aimed to explore the predictive ability of self-digital competence and professional competence in the professional quality of life among school counselors in Irbid Governorate. 164 school counselors (68 males, 96 females) working in the schools of Irbid Governorate participated in the study. To achieve the aims of the study, three scales were used: self-digital competence scale prepared by (Wilkins, 2012), professional competence scale prepared by (Al-Sharafin, 2015), and professional quality of life scale prepared by (Stamm, 2010), after their psychometric properties were ensured. The results showed that the levels of self-digital competence, professional competence and professional quality of life among school counselors were moderate. They also showed that the variables involved predicting in the professional quality of life are achievement at work, social interaction, dealing with stressful situations, and self-digital competence, that they explained (46.4%) from the variation in the professional quality of life together. Considering the results, the researcher recommended conducting in-service training workshops for counselors to improve their self-digital competence and professional competence.
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Keywords
Self CompetenceSelf-Digital CompetenceProfessional CompetenceQuality of LifeProfessional Quality of LifeSchool Counselor
References
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Al-Khawaldeh, M., Al-Masarwa, U., & Barakat, R. (2023). Attitudes of trainee counselors in Jordanian universities towards distance counseling during the Corona pandemic (in Arabic). Al-Mishkat for Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(1).
Al-Samadi, A., & Al-Awatmeh, Y. (2020). The predictive ability of professional self and self-efficacy in school counselor effectiveness (in Arabic). Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, 16 (4). 487-477. Doi: //10.47015/16.4.5
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Al-Sharafin, Ahmed. (2015). The effectiveness of a guidance supervision program based on the skill development model in raising the level of professional self-efficacy among trainee counselors in Jordan (in Arabic). Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies. 1(9), 1-23.
Al-Majali, Shatha. (2019). The extent to which educational counselors use information technology applications and their relationship to professional development from their perspective in Karak Governorate schools. Dirasat: Educational Sciences, The University of Jordan, 46(4), 69–90.
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American School Counselor Association. (2020). Definition of Counselor Alexandria, VA: Author. Accessed on 10/12/2023
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Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W H Freeman/Times Books/ Henry Holt & Co.
Blount, A. J., & Lambie, G. W. (2018). Development and factor structure of the helping professional wellness discrepancy scale. Measurement Development, 51(2), 92-110.
Blount, Ashley J., Bjornsen, Abby L., Kissinger, Daniel B., Schneider, K., Vik, L., & Gonza- lez-Voller, J. (2022). Wellness and Professional Quality of Life in Counselor-in-Training Interns: Assessment of Wellness and Non-Wellness-Infused Supervi- sion. Journal of Wellness, 3(3).
Boud, D., & Molloy, E. (2013). Feedback in higher and professional education. Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group
Brashear, C. A. (2021). The Impact of Creative Online Group Supervision on Counselors-in-Training. A Single-Case Research Study [PhD dissertation], Texas A & M University-Commerce.
Browning, B. R., McDermott, R. C., & Scaffa, M. E. (2019). Transcendent characteristics as predictors of counselor professional quality of life. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 41(1), 51-64.
Bryan, J., Henry, L. (2008). Strengths-based partnerships:A school – family –community partnership approach to empowering students. Professional School Counseling,12, 149-156.
Chang T, & Chang, R. (2004). Counseling and the Internet: Asian American and Asian International college students’ attitudes toward seeking on line professional psychological help. Journal of College Counseling, 7, 140-149.
Chen, C. C. (2020). Professional quality of life among occupational therapy practitioners: An exploratory study of compassion fatigue. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 36(2), 162-175.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test. MIS quarterly, 189-211.
Cormier, S, & Nurius, P. (2003). Intervening and Change Strategies for Helpers: Fundamental Skills and Cognitive Behavioral Interventions. (5th ed). Thomson Books /Cole.
Eastin, M. S., & LaRose, R. (2000). Internet self-efficacy and the psychology of the digital divide. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication, 6(1), JCMC611.
Endayani, F., Musadieq, M.A. & Afrianty, T. (2018). The effect of quality of work-life and motivation on employee engagement with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 74. 108-114. 10.18551/rjoas.2018-02.12.
Fye, H. J., Cook, R. M., Choi, Y. J., & Baltrinic, E. R. (2021). Professional Quality of Life and Affective Distress Among Prelicensed Counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 99(4), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12395
Gruszczynska, A., Merchant, G., & Pountney, R. (2013). Digital Futures in Teacher Education: Exploring Open Approaches towards Digital Literacy. The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 11(3), p193 206.
Harris- Bowlsbey, J., & Sampson, J. (2005).Use of technology in delivering career services worldwide. Career Development Quarterly, 54(1)48-56. 10.1002/j.2161-0045. 2005.tb00140.x
Hassel, B. B. C., & Hassel, E. A. (2012). Teachers in the age of digital instruction. Education reform for the digital era, 11(33).
Hayden, T, Poynton, & Sabella, R. (2008). School counselors use of technology with in the ASCA National Model, s delivery system. journal of technology in Counseling,5)1(. Available from. http://jtc.colstate.edu/vol15_1/index.httm.
Jarwan, A. S., Al-frehat, B.M. (2020). Educational Counselors' Self-efficacy and Professional Competence. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 169 - 177. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2020.080121.
Johnson, N., Daire, v.A. (2008). School counsellor implementation of an electronic mentoring (e-mentoring) program in a rural setting. Journal of Technology in Counseling, 5(1). Retrieved from htpp:jtc.colstate.edu.vo15-1
Julius, A., Fahriza, I., & Wulandari, P. (2020). Digital literacy as a school counselor competence in the development of media in guidance services. Journal Penelitian Bimbingan dan Konseling, 5. 1-8. 10.30870/jpbk. v5i2.10106.
Kaznosky, K. (2021). Virtual School Counselling During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Undergraduate Research Symposium, 25.
Kozina, K., Grabovari, N., Stefano, J., & Drapeau, M. (2010). Measuring changes in counselor self-efficacy: Further validation and implications for training and supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 29(1), 117–127.
Laverdière, O., Kealy, D., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Chamberland, S., & Descôteaux, J. (2019). Psychotherapists’ professional quality of life. Traumatology, 25(3), 208.
Madi, K. (2014). Quality of work life and its impact on job performance of workers. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Suez, Egypt.
McFadden, J. (2000). Computer-mediated technology and transcultural counselor education. Journal of Technology in Counseling, 1(2). Retrieved from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/95625.
Myers, J. E., & Gibson, D. M. (2010). Technology Competence of Counselor Educators. Counseling and students services clearinghouse. (ERIC Document Reproduction Services No. ED 435947).
Ministry of Education and Technical Education. (2022). Psychological education plan for the preparatory and secondary stages, (in Arabic). public education sector, Cairo.
Ouppara, S, & Sy, M. V. U. (2012). Quality of Work Life Practices in a Multinational Company in Sydney, Australia. Journal of Social and Behaviroal Sciences, 40(46).
Özüdoğru, G. (2021). The effect of distance education on self-efficacy towards online technologies and motivation for online learning. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, 7(1), 108-115.
Pavithra, S. & Barani, G. (2012). A study on Quality of Work life of Lawyers in Colmbatore District. Indian Streams Research Journal, l2(1).
Redecker, C., & Punie, Y. (2017). Digital Competence of Educators. Edited by Yves Punie.
Riede, p. (2003). Electronic Mentoring. School Administrator,60(10), 26-30.
Sabella, R., Poynton, T., & Issacs, M. (2010). School counselors’ importance of counseling technology competencies. Computers inhuman Behavior, 26 (4), 609617.
Sewid, G. (2017). Quality of working life and its relationship to professional responsibility and achieve sustainable development among workers of spinning and weaving factories in Menofia Governorate. Journal of Psychological Guidance, (52), 123-189.
Stamm, B. H. (2010). The ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life Scale: Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue). Pocatello, ID: ProQOL.org.
Surya, K., (2013). A study on Quality of work life Among the Employees at Metro Engineering Private Limited. International Journal of Management, 4 (1), PP.01-05.
Surya, A. R., & Nadya, A. (2019). Digital Literacy and Innovation for Counseling Program. Proceeding: The 2nd International Seminar on Guidance and Counseling “Reducing Violence and Promoting Peaceful Societies Through Guidance and Counseling”.
Ulfert, A. S., & Schmidt, I. (2022). Assessing digital self-efficacy: Review and scale development. Computers & Education, 191. 104626. 10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104626.
Wilkins, M. (2012). The relationship between counselor attitudes and self-efficacy with online tools. A thesis presented to the department of counseling and the faculty of the graduate college university of nebraska at omaha in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree masters of arts in community counseling university of nebraska at omaha.
Zahran, S. H. (1996). The professional self-concept of the school psychologist and the attitudes of others towards his work, (in Arabic). Master’s thesis, Faculty of Education, Mansoura University.
Zewail, M. J. (2022). Technological self-efficacy and self-regulated learning as predictors of academic achievement among university students (in Arabic). Journal of the Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University Journal 93 (193), 121-164.
*******************************************************************
الختاتنة، سامي والعرود، سلام. (2015). مدى امتلاك المرشدين التربويين لمهارات تكنولوجيا المعلومات وعلاقتها بالكفاءة المهنية من وجهة نظرهم في مدارس محافظة الكرك بالأردن. مجلة كلية التربية، جامعة عين شمس، 39(4)، 431-458.
الخوالدة، محمد والمصاروة عدي وبركات، رندة. (2023). اتجاهات المرشدين المتدربين في الجامعات الأردنية نحو الإرشاد عن بعد خلال جائحة كورونا. المشكاة للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية، 10(1).
زهران، سناء حامد. (1996). مفهوم الذات المهني لدى الأخصائي النفسي المدرسي واتجاهات الآخرين نحو عمله، رسالة ماجستير، كلية التربية، جامعة المنصورة.
زويل، محمد جمال الدين إبراهيم. (2022). فاعلية الذات التكنولوجية والتعلم المنظم ذاتيًا کمنبئات بالتحصيل الأكاديمي لدى طلاب الجامعة. مجلة كلية التربية، مجلة جامعة الأزهر 93(193)، 121-164.
الشريفين، أحمد. (2015). فاعلية برنامج إشراف إرشادي يستند إلى نموذج تطوير المهارة في رفع مستوي الكفاءة الذاتية المهنية لدى المرشدين المتدربين في الأردن. مجلة الدراسات التربوية والنفسية، 1(9)، 1-23. https://journals.squ.edu.om/index.php/jeps/index
الصمادي، أحمد ولعواتمه، يوسف. (2020). القدرة التنبؤية للذات المهنية والكفاية الذاتية في فعالية المرشد المدرسي. المجلة الأردنية في العلوم التربوية، 16(4)، 487-477. doi://10.47015/16.4.5
الصمادي، انتصار. (2017). دور المرشد في كفاءة الذات من وجهة نظر طلاب كلية العلوم التربوية في جامعة العلوم الإسلامية. مجلة دراسات: العلوم التربوية، 44(3)، 137-147.
المجالي، شذى. (2019). مدى استخدام المرشدين التربويين لتطبيقات تكنولوجيا المعلومات وعلاقتها بالتنمية المهنية من وجهة نظرهم في مدارس محافظة الكرك. دراسات العلوم التربوية، الجامعة الأردنية، 46(4)، 69-90.
وزارة التربية والتعليم الفني. (2022). خطة التربية النفسية للمرحلة الإعدادية والثانوية، قطاع التعليم العام، القاهرة.
Afsar, S. (2014). Impact of Quality of work life on Organizational commitment: Comparative Study on Academicians Working for state and foundation universities in Turkey. International Journal of Social sciences, 3 (4), 124-152.
Al-Khattana, S., & Al-Aroud, S. (2015). The extent to which educational counselors possess information technology skills and their relationship to professional competence from their point of view in the schools of Karak Governorate in Jordan (in Arabic). Journal of the College of Education, Ain Shams University, 39 (4), 431-458.
Al-Khawaldeh, M., Al-Masarwa, U., & Barakat, R. (2023). Attitudes of trainee counselors in Jordanian universities towards distance counseling during the Corona pandemic (in Arabic). Al-Mishkat for Humanities and Social Sciences, 10(1).
Al-Samadi, A., & Al-Awatmeh, Y. (2020). The predictive ability of professional self and self-efficacy in school counselor effectiveness (in Arabic). Jordanian Journal of Educational Sciences, 16 (4). 487-477. Doi: //10.47015/16.4.5
Al-Samadi, E. (2017). The counselor role selfefficacy from the perspective of students of the faculty of educational sciences at the International University of Islamic Sciences (in Arabic). Dirasast Journal: Educational Sciences, 44(3), 137-147.
Al-Sharafin, Ahmed. (2015). The effectiveness of a guidance supervision program based on the skill development model in raising the level of professional self-efficacy among trainee counselors in Jordan (in Arabic). Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies. 1(9), 1-23.
Al-Majali, Shatha. (2019). The extent to which educational counselors use information technology applications and their relationship to professional development from their perspective in Karak Governorate schools. Dirasat: Educational Sciences, The University of Jordan, 46(4), 69–90.
American Psychological Association. (2022). Definition of Counselor. Accessed on 5/12/2023.
American School Counselor Association. (2020). Definition of Counselor Alexandria, VA: Author. Accessed on 10/12/2023
Baltimore, M. (2001). Recent trends in advancing trends in counselor education. Journal of Technology in Counseling, 2(2), 1-2.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York: W H Freeman/Times Books/ Henry Holt & Co.
Blount, A. J., & Lambie, G. W. (2018). Development and factor structure of the helping professional wellness discrepancy scale. Measurement Development, 51(2), 92-110.
Blount, Ashley J., Bjornsen, Abby L., Kissinger, Daniel B., Schneider, K., Vik, L., & Gonza- lez-Voller, J. (2022). Wellness and Professional Quality of Life in Counselor-in-Training Interns: Assessment of Wellness and Non-Wellness-Infused Supervi- sion. Journal of Wellness, 3(3).
Boud, D., & Molloy, E. (2013). Feedback in higher and professional education. Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group
Brashear, C. A. (2021). The Impact of Creative Online Group Supervision on Counselors-in-Training. A Single-Case Research Study [PhD dissertation], Texas A & M University-Commerce.
Browning, B. R., McDermott, R. C., & Scaffa, M. E. (2019). Transcendent characteristics as predictors of counselor professional quality of life. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 41(1), 51-64.
Bryan, J., Henry, L. (2008). Strengths-based partnerships:A school – family –community partnership approach to empowering students. Professional School Counseling,12, 149-156.
Chang T, & Chang, R. (2004). Counseling and the Internet: Asian American and Asian International college students’ attitudes toward seeking on line professional psychological help. Journal of College Counseling, 7, 140-149.
Chen, C. C. (2020). Professional quality of life among occupational therapy practitioners: An exploratory study of compassion fatigue. Occupational Therapy in Mental Health, 36(2), 162-175.
Compeau, D. R., & Higgins, C. A. (1995). Computer self-efficacy: Development of a measure and initial test. MIS quarterly, 189-211.
Cormier, S, & Nurius, P. (2003). Intervening and Change Strategies for Helpers: Fundamental Skills and Cognitive Behavioral Interventions. (5th ed). Thomson Books /Cole.
Eastin, M. S., & LaRose, R. (2000). Internet self-efficacy and the psychology of the digital divide. Journal of Computer-mediated Communication, 6(1), JCMC611.
Endayani, F., Musadieq, M.A. & Afrianty, T. (2018). The effect of quality of work-life and motivation on employee engagement with job satisfaction as an intervening variable. Russian Journal of Agricultural and Socio-Economic Sciences, 74. 108-114. 10.18551/rjoas.2018-02.12.
Fye, H. J., Cook, R. M., Choi, Y. J., & Baltrinic, E. R. (2021). Professional Quality of Life and Affective Distress Among Prelicensed Counselors. Journal of Counseling and Development, 99(4), 429-439. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcad.12395
Gruszczynska, A., Merchant, G., & Pountney, R. (2013). Digital Futures in Teacher Education: Exploring Open Approaches towards Digital Literacy. The Electronic Journal of e-Learning, 11(3), p193 206.
Harris- Bowlsbey, J., & Sampson, J. (2005).Use of technology in delivering career services worldwide. Career Development Quarterly, 54(1)48-56. 10.1002/j.2161-0045. 2005.tb00140.x
Hassel, B. B. C., & Hassel, E. A. (2012). Teachers in the age of digital instruction. Education reform for the digital era, 11(33).
Hayden, T, Poynton, & Sabella, R. (2008). School counselors use of technology with in the ASCA National Model, s delivery system. journal of technology in Counseling,5)1(. Available from. http://jtc.colstate.edu/vol15_1/index.httm.
Jarwan, A. S., Al-frehat, B.M. (2020). Educational Counselors' Self-efficacy and Professional Competence. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(1), 169 - 177. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2020.080121.
Johnson, N., Daire, v.A. (2008). School counsellor implementation of an electronic mentoring (e-mentoring) program in a rural setting. Journal of Technology in Counseling, 5(1). Retrieved from htpp:jtc.colstate.edu.vo15-1
Julius, A., Fahriza, I., & Wulandari, P. (2020). Digital literacy as a school counselor competence in the development of media in guidance services. Journal Penelitian Bimbingan dan Konseling, 5. 1-8. 10.30870/jpbk. v5i2.10106.
Kaznosky, K. (2021). Virtual School Counselling During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Undergraduate Research Symposium, 25.
Kozina, K., Grabovari, N., Stefano, J., & Drapeau, M. (2010). Measuring changes in counselor self-efficacy: Further validation and implications for training and supervision. The Clinical Supervisor, 29(1), 117–127.
Laverdière, O., Kealy, D., Ogrodniczuk, J. S., Chamberland, S., & Descôteaux, J. (2019). Psychotherapists’ professional quality of life. Traumatology, 25(3), 208.
Madi, K. (2014). Quality of work life and its impact on job performance of workers. Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Suez, Egypt.
McFadden, J. (2000). Computer-mediated technology and transcultural counselor education. Journal of Technology in Counseling, 1(2). Retrieved from https://www.learntechlib.org/p/95625.
Myers, J. E., & Gibson, D. M. (2010). Technology Competence of Counselor Educators. Counseling and students services clearinghouse. (ERIC Document Reproduction Services No. ED 435947).
Ministry of Education and Technical Education. (2022). Psychological education plan for the preparatory and secondary stages, (in Arabic). public education sector, Cairo.
Ouppara, S, & Sy, M. V. U. (2012). Quality of Work Life Practices in a Multinational Company in Sydney, Australia. Journal of Social and Behaviroal Sciences, 40(46).
Özüdoğru, G. (2021). The effect of distance education on self-efficacy towards online technologies and motivation for online learning. Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, 7(1), 108-115.
Pavithra, S. & Barani, G. (2012). A study on Quality of Work life of Lawyers in Colmbatore District. Indian Streams Research Journal, l2(1).
Redecker, C., & Punie, Y. (2017). Digital Competence of Educators. Edited by Yves Punie.
Riede, p. (2003). Electronic Mentoring. School Administrator,60(10), 26-30.
Sabella, R., Poynton, T., & Issacs, M. (2010). School counselors’ importance of counseling technology competencies. Computers inhuman Behavior, 26 (4), 609617.
Sewid, G. (2017). Quality of working life and its relationship to professional responsibility and achieve sustainable development among workers of spinning and weaving factories in Menofia Governorate. Journal of Psychological Guidance, (52), 123-189.
Stamm, B. H. (2010). The ProQOL (Professional Quality of Life Scale: Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue). Pocatello, ID: ProQOL.org.
Surya, K., (2013). A study on Quality of work life Among the Employees at Metro Engineering Private Limited. International Journal of Management, 4 (1), PP.01-05.
Surya, A. R., & Nadya, A. (2019). Digital Literacy and Innovation for Counseling Program. Proceeding: The 2nd International Seminar on Guidance and Counseling “Reducing Violence and Promoting Peaceful Societies Through Guidance and Counseling”.
Ulfert, A. S., & Schmidt, I. (2022). Assessing digital self-efficacy: Review and scale development. Computers & Education, 191. 104626. 10.1016/j.compedu.2022.104626.
Wilkins, M. (2012). The relationship between counselor attitudes and self-efficacy with online tools. A thesis presented to the department of counseling and the faculty of the graduate college university of nebraska at omaha in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree masters of arts in community counseling university of nebraska at omaha.
Zahran, S. H. (1996). The professional self-concept of the school psychologist and the attitudes of others towards his work, (in Arabic). Master’s thesis, Faculty of Education, Mansoura University.
Zewail, M. J. (2022). Technological self-efficacy and self-regulated learning as predictors of academic achievement among university students (in Arabic). Journal of the Faculty of Education, Al-Azhar University Journal 93 (193), 121-164.
*******************************************************************
الختاتنة، سامي والعرود، سلام. (2015). مدى امتلاك المرشدين التربويين لمهارات تكنولوجيا المعلومات وعلاقتها بالكفاءة المهنية من وجهة نظرهم في مدارس محافظة الكرك بالأردن. مجلة كلية التربية، جامعة عين شمس، 39(4)، 431-458.
الخوالدة، محمد والمصاروة عدي وبركات، رندة. (2023). اتجاهات المرشدين المتدربين في الجامعات الأردنية نحو الإرشاد عن بعد خلال جائحة كورونا. المشكاة للعلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية، 10(1).
زهران، سناء حامد. (1996). مفهوم الذات المهني لدى الأخصائي النفسي المدرسي واتجاهات الآخرين نحو عمله، رسالة ماجستير، كلية التربية، جامعة المنصورة.
زويل، محمد جمال الدين إبراهيم. (2022). فاعلية الذات التكنولوجية والتعلم المنظم ذاتيًا کمنبئات بالتحصيل الأكاديمي لدى طلاب الجامعة. مجلة كلية التربية، مجلة جامعة الأزهر 93(193)، 121-164.
الشريفين، أحمد. (2015). فاعلية برنامج إشراف إرشادي يستند إلى نموذج تطوير المهارة في رفع مستوي الكفاءة الذاتية المهنية لدى المرشدين المتدربين في الأردن. مجلة الدراسات التربوية والنفسية، 1(9)، 1-23. https://journals.squ.edu.om/index.php/jeps/index
الصمادي، أحمد ولعواتمه، يوسف. (2020). القدرة التنبؤية للذات المهنية والكفاية الذاتية في فعالية المرشد المدرسي. المجلة الأردنية في العلوم التربوية، 16(4)، 487-477. doi://10.47015/16.4.5
الصمادي، انتصار. (2017). دور المرشد في كفاءة الذات من وجهة نظر طلاب كلية العلوم التربوية في جامعة العلوم الإسلامية. مجلة دراسات: العلوم التربوية، 44(3)، 137-147.
المجالي، شذى. (2019). مدى استخدام المرشدين التربويين لتطبيقات تكنولوجيا المعلومات وعلاقتها بالتنمية المهنية من وجهة نظرهم في مدارس محافظة الكرك. دراسات العلوم التربوية، الجامعة الأردنية، 46(4)، 69-90.
وزارة التربية والتعليم الفني. (2022). خطة التربية النفسية للمرحلة الإعدادية والثانوية، قطاع التعليم العام، القاهرة.
How to Cite
Alguzo, Naela Abdul-Kareem Ahmed. 2025. “The Predictability of Self-Digital and Professional Competences in the Professional Quality of Life Among School Counselors in Jordan”. Journal of Educational Sciences – Qatar University 25 (3). https://doi.org/10.29117/jes.2025.0247.
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Articles in Arabic