Mentorship programs for Gifted Students in STEM Fields – A Systematic Review
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Oct 23, 2025
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5484-6496
Abstract
The current systematic review aims to explore the outcomes of the educational literature related to mentorship programs of gifted students in STEM fields. The researchers reviewed (451) studies conducted between the years 2014-2021 using (4) selection criteria, and selected (11) studies that matched those criteria. The researchers used a modified version of (PRISMA 2015-2020 protocols) tailored to the objectives of the current review, which consists of a list of (17) elements and a chart for analyzing the targeted studies, and the result of the current systematic review found that there is a strong tendency towards electronic mentorship programs and attention to underrepresented special populations. Also, most of the studies used the qualitative methodology to evaluate mentorship programs, and showed that they are provided for advanced educational stages and that they result in obtaining positive outcomes in academic, psychological and social fields for different groups.
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Keywords
Mentorship programGifted studentsSTEM methodologySystematic review
References
Alhanaya, M. (2020). Reflecting on the role of mentorship in gifted education: Mixed approach study. Journal for the Education of Gifted Young Scientists, 8(3), 1261-1274. https://doi.org/10.17478/jegys.785567.
Aljghymān, ʻAbd Allāh Muḥammad. (2018). al-Dalīl al-shāmil fī taṣmīm wa-tanfīdh Barāmij al-Mawhūbīn (in Arabic). al-ʻUbaykān, Riyadh, KSA.
Atkins, K., Dougan, B. M., Dromgold-Sermen, M. S., Potter, H., Sathy, V., & Panter, A. T. (2020). “Looking at Myself in the Future”: how mentoring shapes scientific identity for STEM students from underrepresented groups. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00242-3.
Aydeniz, M., Akgündüz, D., Çakmakçı, G., Çavaş, B., Çorlu, S., Öne, r T., & Özdemi, r S. (2015). STEM education Turkey report "Günün Modası Mı Yoksa Gereksinim Mi?” Istanbul Aydın University, Faculty of Education, STEM Education Application and Research Center. Scala Publishing. https://www.teknolojidekadin.org/user_files/files/1552897300STEM_E%C4%9Fitimi_T%C3%BCrkiye_Raporu.pdf
Barnāmaj al-taḥawwul al-Waṭanī. (2016). wathīqah Barnāmaj al-taḥawwul al-Waṭanī 2020 (in Arabic). Retrieved from https://vro.moenergy.gov.sa/Arabic/DocLib/NTP_ar.pdf
Bloom, B. (1985). Developing talent in young people. BoD–Books on Demand.
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P., & Rothstein, H. R. (2021). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Bruce-Davis, M. N., Gubbins, E. J., Gilson, C. M., Villanueva, M., Foreman, J. L., & Rubenstein, L. D. (2014). STEM high school administrators,’ teachers,’ and students’ perceptions of curricular and instructional strategies and practices. Journal of Advanced Academics, 25(3), 272–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X14527952.
Burns, B., Henry, J., McCarthy, D., & Tripp, J. (2017). The value of the math circle for gifted middle school students. Gifted Child Today, 40(4), 198–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076217517723677.
Bybee, R. (2010). Advancing STEM education: A 2020 vision. Technology and Engineering Teacher. 70(1), 30–35.
Chesky, N. Z., & Wolfmeyer, M. R. (2015). Philosophy of STEM education: A critical investigation. Springer.
Crabtree, L. M., Richardson, S. C., & Lewis, C. W. (2019). The gifted gap, STEM education, and economic immobility. Journal of Advanced Academics, 30(2), 203–231. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X19829749.
Daugherty, M. K. (2013). The Prospect of an "A" in STEM Education. Journal of STEM Education: Innovations and Research, 14(2), 10-15. https://www.jstem.org/jstem/index.php/JSTEM/article/view/1744/1520.
Demirhan, E. (2018). Opinions of gifted students and prospective teachers on nature education program based on mentoring approach. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education (INUJFE), 19(3), 175-188 https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.483536.
Farrell, S. J. (2021). Key terms used in the research on technology and gifted students.in Plucker, J. A., & Callahan, C. M. (Eds.). Critical issues and practices in gifted education: A survey of current research on giftedness and talent development, (3rd ed., pp. 485–498). Prufrock Press.
Freel, S. A., Smith, P. C., Burns, E. N., Downer, J. B., Brown, A. J., & Dewhirst, M. W. (2017). Multidisciplinary mentoring programs to enhance junior faculty research grant success. Academic medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 92(10), 1410-1415. https://doi.org/10.1097%2FACM.0000000000001620
Glennie, E., Mason, M., Dalton, B., & Edmunds, J. (2019). Preparing students for STEM college and careers: The influence of redesigned high schools in North Carolina. The High School Journal, 102(3), 228–257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26757728.
Goldinger, G., & Nesher, L. (2021). Mind the gap, factors that affect mentee's satisfaction in a formal mentorship program with arbitrary matching. MedEdPublish, 10(49),1-8. https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2021.000049.1.
Grassinger, R., Porath, M., & Ziegler, A. (2010). Mentoring the gifted: A conceptual analysis. High Ability Studies, 21(1), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598139.2010.488087.
Hoffmann, M. D., & Loughead, T. M. (2019). Preliminary development of a questionnaire to assess peer athlete mentoring functions: The Athlete Mentoring Questionnaire (AMQ). Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 23(1), 10-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2018.1479708.
Jun, Y. (2016). Qualitative analysis of IT fused mentorship project performance with gifted secondary students in information science class. The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education, 19(4), 45-58. http://doi.org/10.32431/kace.2016.19.4.005.
Kaufman, M. (2017). E-mentoring. National Mentoring Resource Center. https://nationalmentoringresourcecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/E-Mentoring_Model_Review.pdf.
Kier, M. W., & Johnson, L. L. (2022). Exploring how secondary STEM teachers and undergraduate mentors adapt digital technologies to promote culturally relevant education during COVID-19. Education Sciences, 12(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12010048.
Kim, M. (2021). Intensive learning experience: Development of STEM Mentorship Program for high school gifted students. Gifted Child Today, 44(4), 228–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/10762175211030522.
Little, C. A., Kearney, K. L., & Britner, P. A. (2010). Students' self-concept and perceptions of mentoring relationships in a summer mentorship program for talented adolescents. Roeper Review, 32(3), 189-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2010.485307.
Mammadov, S., & Topçu, A. (2014). The role of E-Mentoring in mathematically gifted students’ academic life: A case study. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 37(3), 220–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353214540824.
Maseleno, A., Sabani, N., Huda, M., Ahmad, R., Jasmi, K. A., & Basiron, B. (2018). Demystifying learning analytics in personalised learning. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3), 1124-1129. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.9789.
Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., ... & Stewart, L. A. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1.
Mullen, C. A., & Klimaitis, C. C. (2021). Defining mentoring: A literature review of issues, types, and applications. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1483(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14176.
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine [NASEM]. (2019). The science of effective mentorship in STEMM. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
National Academy of Sciences. (2011). A framework for K-12 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
National Association for Gifted Children, (2015). STEM: Meeting a critical demand for excellence. from: https://www.nagc.org/resources-publications/resources/timely-topics/stem-meeting-critical-demand-excellence
National Association for Gifted Children. (2010). Redefining giftedness for a new century: Shifting the paradigm. 2010. from: http://www.nagc.org.442elmp01.blackmesh.com/sites/default/files/Position%20Statement/Redefining%20Giftedness%20for%20a%20New%20Century.pdf.
Noguera, P., Darling-Hammond, L., & Friedlaender, D. (2015). Equal opportunity for deeper learning. Executive summary. Deeper Learning Research Series. Jobs for the Future. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED560803.pdf.
Overman, A. A. (2019). Strategies for group-level mentoring of undergraduates: Creating a laboratory environment that supports publications and funding. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00323.
Peters, S. J. (2022). The Challenges of achieving equity within public school gifted and talented programs. Gifted Child Quarterly, 66(2), 82–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/00169862211002535.
Peters, S. J., Carter, J., & Plucker, J. A. (2020). Rethinking how we identify “gifted” students. Phi Delta Kappan, 102(4), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721720978055.
Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., King, E., & Plank, H. (2020). STEAM designed and enacted: Understanding the process of design and implementation of STEAM curriculum in an elementary school. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 29(4), 499-518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09832-w.
Ramaley, J. A. (2002). New truths and old verities. New directions for higher education, 2002(119), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.63.
Sargent, J. F., & Shea, D. A. (2017). Office of Science and technology policy (OSTP): History and overview. Congressional Research Service.
Shoemaker, S. E., Thomas, C., Roberts, T., & Boltz, R. (2016). Building a mentorship-based research program focused on individual interests, curiosity, and professional skills at the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. Gifted Child Today, 39(4), 191–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076217516661591.
Steenbergen-Hu, S., & Olszewski-Kubilius, P. (2017). Factors that contributed to gifted students’ success on STEM pathways: The role of race, personal interests, and aspects of high school experience. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 40(2), 99–134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353217701022.
Stoeger, H., Debatin, T., Heilemann, M., & Ziegler, A. (2019). Online mentoring for talented girls in STEM: The role of relationship quality and changes in learning environments in explaining mentoring success. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2019(168), 75-99. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20320.
Stoeger, H., Hopp, M., & Ziegler, A. (2017). Online mentoring as an extracurricular measure to encourage talented girls in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics): An empirical study of one-on-one versus group mentoring. Gifted Child Quarterly, 61(3), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016986217702215.
Stoeger, H., Schirner, S., Laemmle, L., Obergriesser, S., Heilemann, M., & Ziegler, A. (2016). A contextual perspective on talented female participants and their development in extracurricular STEM programs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1377(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13116.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2022). Everybody's classroom: Differentiating for the shared and unique needs of diverse students. Teachers College Press.
Wang, M. T., Ye, F., & Degol, J. L. (2017). Who chooses STEM careers? Using a relative cognitive strength and interest model to predict careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Journal of youth and adolescence, 46(8), 1805-1820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0618-8.
Wu, I.-C., Pease, R., & Maker, C. J. (2019). Students’ perceptions of a special program for developing exceptional talent in STEM. Journal of Advanced Academics, 30(4), 474–499. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X1986469.
Ziegler, A. A. (2007). Férderung von Leistungsexzellenz [Fostering of expertise]. In K.A. Heller & A. Ziegler (Eds.), Begabt sein in Deutschland (S. 113-38). Minster: LIT.
Zorman, R., Rachmel, S., & Bashan, Z. (2016). The national mentoring program in Israel – Challenges and achievements. Gifted Education International, 32(2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429414560667.
****************************************************************************
برنامج التحول الوطني. (2016). وثيقة برنامج التحول الوطني 2020. على الرابط: https://vro.moenergy.gov.sa/Arabic/DocLib/NTP_ar.pdf
الجغيمان، عبد الله محمد. (2018) الدليل الشامل في تصميم وتنفيذ برامج الموهوبين. العبيكان، الرياض، السعودية.
Aljghymān, ʻAbd Allāh Muḥammad. (2018). al-Dalīl al-shāmil fī taṣmīm wa-tanfīdh Barāmij al-Mawhūbīn (in Arabic). al-ʻUbaykān, Riyadh, KSA.
Atkins, K., Dougan, B. M., Dromgold-Sermen, M. S., Potter, H., Sathy, V., & Panter, A. T. (2020). “Looking at Myself in the Future”: how mentoring shapes scientific identity for STEM students from underrepresented groups. International Journal of STEM Education, 7(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00242-3.
Aydeniz, M., Akgündüz, D., Çakmakçı, G., Çavaş, B., Çorlu, S., Öne, r T., & Özdemi, r S. (2015). STEM education Turkey report "Günün Modası Mı Yoksa Gereksinim Mi?” Istanbul Aydın University, Faculty of Education, STEM Education Application and Research Center. Scala Publishing. https://www.teknolojidekadin.org/user_files/files/1552897300STEM_E%C4%9Fitimi_T%C3%BCrkiye_Raporu.pdf
Barnāmaj al-taḥawwul al-Waṭanī. (2016). wathīqah Barnāmaj al-taḥawwul al-Waṭanī 2020 (in Arabic). Retrieved from https://vro.moenergy.gov.sa/Arabic/DocLib/NTP_ar.pdf
Bloom, B. (1985). Developing talent in young people. BoD–Books on Demand.
Borenstein, M., Hedges, L. V., Higgins, J. P., & Rothstein, H. R. (2021). Introduction to meta-analysis. John Wiley & Sons.
Bruce-Davis, M. N., Gubbins, E. J., Gilson, C. M., Villanueva, M., Foreman, J. L., & Rubenstein, L. D. (2014). STEM high school administrators,’ teachers,’ and students’ perceptions of curricular and instructional strategies and practices. Journal of Advanced Academics, 25(3), 272–306. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X14527952.
Burns, B., Henry, J., McCarthy, D., & Tripp, J. (2017). The value of the math circle for gifted middle school students. Gifted Child Today, 40(4), 198–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076217517723677.
Bybee, R. (2010). Advancing STEM education: A 2020 vision. Technology and Engineering Teacher. 70(1), 30–35.
Chesky, N. Z., & Wolfmeyer, M. R. (2015). Philosophy of STEM education: A critical investigation. Springer.
Crabtree, L. M., Richardson, S. C., & Lewis, C. W. (2019). The gifted gap, STEM education, and economic immobility. Journal of Advanced Academics, 30(2), 203–231. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X19829749.
Daugherty, M. K. (2013). The Prospect of an "A" in STEM Education. Journal of STEM Education: Innovations and Research, 14(2), 10-15. https://www.jstem.org/jstem/index.php/JSTEM/article/view/1744/1520.
Demirhan, E. (2018). Opinions of gifted students and prospective teachers on nature education program based on mentoring approach. Inonu University Journal of the Faculty of Education (INUJFE), 19(3), 175-188 https://doi.org/10.17679/inuefd.483536.
Farrell, S. J. (2021). Key terms used in the research on technology and gifted students.in Plucker, J. A., & Callahan, C. M. (Eds.). Critical issues and practices in gifted education: A survey of current research on giftedness and talent development, (3rd ed., pp. 485–498). Prufrock Press.
Freel, S. A., Smith, P. C., Burns, E. N., Downer, J. B., Brown, A. J., & Dewhirst, M. W. (2017). Multidisciplinary mentoring programs to enhance junior faculty research grant success. Academic medicine: Journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 92(10), 1410-1415. https://doi.org/10.1097%2FACM.0000000000001620
Glennie, E., Mason, M., Dalton, B., & Edmunds, J. (2019). Preparing students for STEM college and careers: The influence of redesigned high schools in North Carolina. The High School Journal, 102(3), 228–257. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26757728.
Goldinger, G., & Nesher, L. (2021). Mind the gap, factors that affect mentee's satisfaction in a formal mentorship program with arbitrary matching. MedEdPublish, 10(49),1-8. https://doi.org/10.15694/mep.2021.000049.1.
Grassinger, R., Porath, M., & Ziegler, A. (2010). Mentoring the gifted: A conceptual analysis. High Ability Studies, 21(1), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.1080/13598139.2010.488087.
Hoffmann, M. D., & Loughead, T. M. (2019). Preliminary development of a questionnaire to assess peer athlete mentoring functions: The Athlete Mentoring Questionnaire (AMQ). Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, 23(1), 10-25. https://doi.org/10.1080/1091367X.2018.1479708.
Jun, Y. (2016). Qualitative analysis of IT fused mentorship project performance with gifted secondary students in information science class. The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education, 19(4), 45-58. http://doi.org/10.32431/kace.2016.19.4.005.
Kaufman, M. (2017). E-mentoring. National Mentoring Resource Center. https://nationalmentoringresourcecenter.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/E-Mentoring_Model_Review.pdf.
Kier, M. W., & Johnson, L. L. (2022). Exploring how secondary STEM teachers and undergraduate mentors adapt digital technologies to promote culturally relevant education during COVID-19. Education Sciences, 12(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12010048.
Kim, M. (2021). Intensive learning experience: Development of STEM Mentorship Program for high school gifted students. Gifted Child Today, 44(4), 228–235. https://doi.org/10.1177/10762175211030522.
Little, C. A., Kearney, K. L., & Britner, P. A. (2010). Students' self-concept and perceptions of mentoring relationships in a summer mentorship program for talented adolescents. Roeper Review, 32(3), 189-199. https://doi.org/10.1080/02783193.2010.485307.
Mammadov, S., & Topçu, A. (2014). The role of E-Mentoring in mathematically gifted students’ academic life: A case study. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 37(3), 220–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353214540824.
Maseleno, A., Sabani, N., Huda, M., Ahmad, R., Jasmi, K. A., & Basiron, B. (2018). Demystifying learning analytics in personalised learning. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7(3), 1124-1129. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.9789.
Moher, D., Shamseer, L., Clarke, M., Ghersi, D., Liberati, A., Petticrew, M., ... & Stewart, L. A. (2015). Preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 statement. Systematic Reviews, 4(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/2046-4053-4-1.
Mullen, C. A., & Klimaitis, C. C. (2021). Defining mentoring: A literature review of issues, types, and applications. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1483(1), 19-35. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.14176.
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine [NASEM]. (2019). The science of effective mentorship in STEMM. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press.
National Academy of Sciences. (2011). A framework for K-12 science education: Practices, crosscutting concepts, and core ideas. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
National Association for Gifted Children, (2015). STEM: Meeting a critical demand for excellence. from: https://www.nagc.org/resources-publications/resources/timely-topics/stem-meeting-critical-demand-excellence
National Association for Gifted Children. (2010). Redefining giftedness for a new century: Shifting the paradigm. 2010. from: http://www.nagc.org.442elmp01.blackmesh.com/sites/default/files/Position%20Statement/Redefining%20Giftedness%20for%20a%20New%20Century.pdf.
Noguera, P., Darling-Hammond, L., & Friedlaender, D. (2015). Equal opportunity for deeper learning. Executive summary. Deeper Learning Research Series. Jobs for the Future. http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED560803.pdf.
Overman, A. A. (2019). Strategies for group-level mentoring of undergraduates: Creating a laboratory environment that supports publications and funding. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00323.
Peters, S. J. (2022). The Challenges of achieving equity within public school gifted and talented programs. Gifted Child Quarterly, 66(2), 82–94. https://doi.org/10.1177/00169862211002535.
Peters, S. J., Carter, J., & Plucker, J. A. (2020). Rethinking how we identify “gifted” students. Phi Delta Kappan, 102(4), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721720978055.
Quigley, C. F., Herro, D., King, E., & Plank, H. (2020). STEAM designed and enacted: Understanding the process of design and implementation of STEAM curriculum in an elementary school. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 29(4), 499-518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-020-09832-w.
Ramaley, J. A. (2002). New truths and old verities. New directions for higher education, 2002(119), 15-22. https://doi.org/10.1002/he.63.
Sargent, J. F., & Shea, D. A. (2017). Office of Science and technology policy (OSTP): History and overview. Congressional Research Service.
Shoemaker, S. E., Thomas, C., Roberts, T., & Boltz, R. (2016). Building a mentorship-based research program focused on individual interests, curiosity, and professional skills at the North Carolina School of Science and Mathematics. Gifted Child Today, 39(4), 191–204. https://doi.org/10.1177/1076217516661591.
Steenbergen-Hu, S., & Olszewski-Kubilius, P. (2017). Factors that contributed to gifted students’ success on STEM pathways: The role of race, personal interests, and aspects of high school experience. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 40(2), 99–134. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353217701022.
Stoeger, H., Debatin, T., Heilemann, M., & Ziegler, A. (2019). Online mentoring for talented girls in STEM: The role of relationship quality and changes in learning environments in explaining mentoring success. New directions for child and adolescent development, 2019(168), 75-99. https://doi.org/10.1002/cad.20320.
Stoeger, H., Hopp, M., & Ziegler, A. (2017). Online mentoring as an extracurricular measure to encourage talented girls in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics): An empirical study of one-on-one versus group mentoring. Gifted Child Quarterly, 61(3), 239–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/0016986217702215.
Stoeger, H., Schirner, S., Laemmle, L., Obergriesser, S., Heilemann, M., & Ziegler, A. (2016). A contextual perspective on talented female participants and their development in extracurricular STEM programs. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1377(1), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/nyas.13116.
Tomlinson, C. A. (2022). Everybody's classroom: Differentiating for the shared and unique needs of diverse students. Teachers College Press.
Wang, M. T., Ye, F., & Degol, J. L. (2017). Who chooses STEM careers? Using a relative cognitive strength and interest model to predict careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Journal of youth and adolescence, 46(8), 1805-1820. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0618-8.
Wu, I.-C., Pease, R., & Maker, C. J. (2019). Students’ perceptions of a special program for developing exceptional talent in STEM. Journal of Advanced Academics, 30(4), 474–499. https://doi.org/10.1177/1932202X1986469.
Ziegler, A. A. (2007). Férderung von Leistungsexzellenz [Fostering of expertise]. In K.A. Heller & A. Ziegler (Eds.), Begabt sein in Deutschland (S. 113-38). Minster: LIT.
Zorman, R., Rachmel, S., & Bashan, Z. (2016). The national mentoring program in Israel – Challenges and achievements. Gifted Education International, 32(2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261429414560667.
****************************************************************************
برنامج التحول الوطني. (2016). وثيقة برنامج التحول الوطني 2020. على الرابط: https://vro.moenergy.gov.sa/Arabic/DocLib/NTP_ar.pdf
الجغيمان، عبد الله محمد. (2018) الدليل الشامل في تصميم وتنفيذ برامج الموهوبين. العبيكان، الرياض، السعودية.
How to Cite
Almuaili, Fahad Ali, and Abdulhamid Abdullah Alarfaj. 2025. “Mentorship Programs for Gifted Students in STEM Fields – A Systematic Review”. Journal of Educational Sciences – Qatar University 25 (2). https://doi.org/10.29117/jes.2025.0227.
Section
Articles in Arabic