ولاء ولاة بني أمية في المغرب بعد إتمام الفتح (97-132هـ/715-750م)
الملخص
في عام 45هـ/665م، استكمل أول خلفاء بني أمية الصحابي معاوية بن أبي سفيان (41-60هـ/661-680م) جهود الخلافة الراشدة في فتح المغرب بإرسال أكثر من قائد عسكري للقيام بعمليات عسكرية هناك. واكتمل الفتح في عهد الخليفة الأموي السادس الوليد بن عبد الملك (86-96هـ/705-715م) الذي عيَّن أول والٍ للخلافة الأموية في المغرب، وكان مقر إقامة هذا الوالي مدينة القيروان، التي بناها أحد القادة العسكريين للأمويين؛ ألا وهو عقبة بن نافع (58هـ/678م).
يوضح هذا البحث أهم العوامل التي اعتمد عليها الخلفاء الأمويون في تعيين ولاتهم في بلاد المغرب بعد إتمام الفتح، كما يبحث في العلاقة بين معايير اختيار القادة أثناء فتح المغرب، ومعايير تعيين الولاة بعد الفتح؛ حيث تبين هذه المعايير مدى ولاء هؤلاء الولاة للخلافة الأموية. وقد ناقشت الدراسات السابقة جوانب مختلفة من تاريخ المغرب أثناء الفتح وبعده، إلا أنها لم تهتم بعناصر هذا البحث. وقد اعتمد هذا البحث على العديد من المصادر الأولية التي تناولت جوانب مختلفة من التاريخ الأموي والمغرب.
المقاييس
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