رؤيـ(ـة) (ـا) العالَم في خِطاب مُحَمَّد مِفتاح النقديّ: قراءةٌ إبستمولوجيّة في الْمَنْهج النَّقْدِيّ

Abstract

Literary studies have usually dealt with the phenomenological aspects in the analysis of critical approaches, without examining their epistemological foundations. In fact, the research focuses on those foundations on which the critical method is based; which Muhammad Miftāh followed in his critical studies. This research attempts to provide a reading capable of deciphering the mystical symbols that form the ambiguous unity of the discourse of this critic, whose outcome is difficult for many to understand or accept his visions in which vision is tangled with perception.

The research was based on the genetic structuralism theory with a study of the linguistic text.

It has been shown from this research that there are intellectual visions consisting of epistemological foundations, ideal or universal principles, that stand behind the directions of this theory and define this critical discourse; Miftāh's discourse is based on a critical methodology that adheres to a set of intellectual foundations: systemic, functional, humanistic and universal. It was also found that these foundations are achieved through a set of methodological procedures that the research called ideal holistic principles, namely: fuzzy, communication, similarity, harmony, and mediation. Accordingly, this research presented a new analysis of Miftāh’s discourse in which he clarified its epistemological foundations. Thus, the research seeks to be a new step in the field of literary studies. It is hoped that this study will contribute to supporting critical studies that are concerned with the methodological aspects of critics' applications.