Dynamics of Productivity in Oman: An Ordered Logistic Regression
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Sep 30, 2024
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Abstract
This study investigates the nuances of labor productivity in Oman, set against the backdrop of decreasing productivity trends in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries (GCC) regions since the 1980s. Albeit Oman's strategic initiatives like Vision 2040 to counteract this decrease, several challenges persist. Applying Order logistic regression, this research analyzed cross-sectional data gathered from 301 respondents to understand the impact of myriad factors: work ethics, cultural differences, skills, will, education, gender, marital status, and experience on productivity. It emerged that the work ethics and cultural nuances in the Omani scenario are sparsely researched. The finding of this study emphasizes the profound role of work ethics, skills, will, and educational qualifications in shaping productivity, with gender not presenting as a significant influencer. These findings can guide policymakers, HR professionals, and employers in devising strategies that accentuate work ethics, skill development, and cultural integration. Hence, the research is constrained by its cross-sectional nature, potential overlooked factors, and its specificity to the Omani milieu. Future researchers should endeavor to bridge these gaps for a holistic understanding of labor productivity in varied contexts.
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Keywords
Oman's Labor DynamicsVision 2040 ChallengesCultural Productivity NuancesWork Ethics ImpactGCC Productivity Trends
References
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• Aldossari, M., & Chaudhry, S. (2023). Gender Issues at the Workforce in the Middle East. Doing Business in the Middle East: A Research-Based Practitioners’ Guide.
• Al-Hamadi, A. B., & Esmaeil, S. A. (2017). Training and skill development for employment in Oman's private sector. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 69(3), 412-427.
• Al-Jabri, A., & Al-Abri, A. (2013). Education and labor market needs in Oman: A case for reform. International Journal of Educational Development, 33(4), 325-331.
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• Al-Lamki, S. M. (2005). Women and employment in Oman: A case study of Sultan Qaboos University. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 25(10/11), 25-37.
• Al-Mawali, N. (2016). Public vs. private sector efficiency: A case study of the Omanese labor market. Economic Bulletin, 36(4), 2175-2185.
• Al-Waqfi, M. A., & Forstenlechner, I. (2014). Barriers to Emiratization: The role of policy design and institutional environment in determining the effectiveness of Emiratization. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(2), 167-189.
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• Bandura, A. (2012). Cultivate self‐efficacy for personal and organizational effectiveness. Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior: Indispensable Knowledge for Evidence‐Based Management, 179-200.
• Bashir, S., Bashir, Z., & Nazir, M. (2015). Time management and its application in academic life: a study of Omani students at Dhofar University, sultanate of Oman. ANGLISTICUM. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies, 4(2), 15-20.
• Besky, S., & Brown, S. (2015). Looking for work: Placing labor in food studies. Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas, 12(1-2), 19-43.
• Callen, M. T., Cherif, R., Hasanov, F., Hegazy, M. A., & Khandelwal, P. (2014). Economic diversification in the GCC: Past, present, and future. International Monetary Fund.
• Choueiri, Y. (2013). Modern Arab historiography: historical discourse and the nation-state. Routledge.
• Crebert, G., Bates, M., Bell, B., Patrick, C. J., & Cragnolini, V. (2004). Developing generic skills at university, during work placement and in employment: graduates' perceptions. Higher Education Research and Development, 23(2), 147-165.
• Crosby, D., Bhatia, S., Brindle, K. M., Coussens, L. M., Dive, C., Emberton, M., & Balasubramanian, S. (2022). Early detection of cancer. Science, 375(6586), eaay9040.
• Dingus D., Eckert M., Ridge N., & Jeon S. (2022). "The influence of father involvement on their children’s self-esteem in the Arab world." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 53, no. 1 (2022): 104-130.
• Erumban, A. A., & Al-Mejren, A. (2024). Expatriate jobs and productivity: Evidence from two GCC economies. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 71, 248-260.
• Favell, A. (2003). Integration nations: The nation-state and research on immigrants in Western Europe. In Multicultural, challenge (pp. 13-42). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
• Fu, X. M., Bao, Q., Xie, H., & Fu, X. (2021). Diffusion of industrial robotics and inclusive growth: Labour market evidence from cross-country data. Journal of Business Research, 122, 670-684.
• Ghouse, S. M., Durrah, O., & McElwee, G. (2021). Rural women entrepreneurs in Oman: problems and opportunities. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 27(7), 1674-1695.
• Gonzalez, G. (2008). Facing human capital challenges of the 21st century: Education and labor market initiatives in Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (Vol. 786). Rand Corporation.
• Hamdoun, M., Achabou, M. A., & Dekhili, S. (2022). Could CSR improve the financial performance of developing countries’ firms? Analyses of mediating effect of intangible resources. European Business Review, 34(1), 41-61.
• Inyang, B. J., & Enuoh, R. O. (2009). Entrepreneurial competencies: The missing links to successful entrepreneurship in Nigeria. International business research, 2(2), 62-71.
• Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusdottir, I. D., & Allegrante, J. P. (2013). Adolescent substance use and peer use: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional population data. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 8, 1-10.
• Lichtenberg, J. D., Lachmann, F. M., & Fosshage, J. L. (2016). Self and motivational systems: Towards a theory of psychoanalytic technique. Routledge.
• Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Principles of economics (7th Ed.). Cengage Learning.
• Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023, May). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. In Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 98, p. 102723). Pergamon.
• Parker, S. K., & Ohly, S. (2008). Designing motivating jobs: An expanded framework for linking work characteristics and motivation. In Work Motivation (pp. 260-311). Routledge.
• Porkodi, S., AlZadjali, A. S., AlRahbi, F. S., & AlNabhani, Y. M. (2022). Effect of Cultural Intelligence (CI) on Patient Care Services in Private Hospitals at Muscat Governorate. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(1), 304-311.
• Preuss, L., Barkemeyer, R., & Glavas, A. (2016). Corporate social responsibility in developing country multinationals: identifying company and country-level influences. Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(3), 347-378.
• Van Ark, B. (2005). Productivity and economic growth in the OECD since the 1990s. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), 23-46.
• Vîrjan, D., Manole, A. M., Stanef-Puică, M. R., Chenic, A. S., Papuc, C. M., Huru, D., & Bănacu, C. S. (2023). Competitiveness—the engine that boosts economic growth and revives the economy. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, 561.
• Wagdi, O., & Sayed, S. (2023). An analytical study of the work environment in industrial companies: Evidence from Arab countries. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 2175489.
• Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021). Achieving effective remote working during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A work design perspective. Applied psychology, 70(1), 16-59.
• World Bank. (2019). Global Economic Prospects: Heightened Tensions, Subdued Investment. World Bank Group.
• Yasmeen, K. (2023). Justice in the workplace: Islamic principles for wage determination. Islamic Economic Studies, (ahead-of-print).
• Young, K. E. (2016). Women's labor force participation across the GCC. Washington, DC: Arab Gulf States
• Nuha Sultan Al-Harithi is a researcher with a master’s degree in economics who has experience working in the Ministry of Manpower in Oman. She is involved in research focusing on economic development, labor policies, and workforce management in Oman.
• Kausar Yasmeen is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics and Finance at the University of Nizwa, Oman. With a PhD and Postdoctoral in Economics from Universiti Utara Malaysia, her research spans economic policies, Islamic economics, and labor economics. Dr. Yasmeen has led multiple research projects funded by The Research Council (TRC) of Oman and has a strong record of publications, including books and journal articles. She is actively involved in community service and academic development initiatives, reflecting her commitment to fostering a collaborative scholarly environment.
• Salem Al Abri is the Acting Dean and an Assistant Professor in the Department of Business Management at the College of Economics, Management, and Information Systems, University of Nizwa, Oman. He earned his PhD in Business from The Australian National University, and a Master’s in Organization Development from Bowling Green State University, USA. His research interests include Human Resource Management, Leadership, and Organizational Behavior. Dr. Al Abri has presented at numerous international conferences and published several papers on entrepreneurship and leadership in reputable journals.
• Swadhin Kumar Mondal is an Associate Professor in the Department of Economics and Finance at the College of Economics, Management, and Information Systems, University of Nizwa, Oman. He holds a PhD in Economics from Vidyasagar University, India. Since joining the University of Nizwa in 2017, Dr. Mondal has taught courses in Econometrics, Microeconomics, and GCC Economics. His research focuses on health financing, equity, and pharmaceutical economics, with numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals. He is an active member of various professional associations, including the Indian Health Economics and Policy Association and the International Health Economic Association.
• Al Harrasi, N. (2020). Assessing the relationship between leader’s information power and employee productivity at selected Muscat governmental organizations, Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Critical Reviews, 7(14), 241-248.
• Al Hinai, S. S. S., & Yasmeen, K. (2020). Omanization policies and entrepreneurship. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 3(2).
• Al Hinai, S. S. S., & Yasmeen, K. (2020). Omanization policies and entrepreneurship. Pakistan Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research, 3(2).
• Al-Alawi, A. M., Alkindi, K. S., Al-Shukaili, A., & Ahmed, E. R. (2022). The influence of entrepreneurial activity's innovation on job creation. International Journal of Industrial Management, 14, 506-514.
• Al-Badi, A., & AlMubarak, I. (2019). Growing energy demand in the GCC countries. Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 26(1), 488-496.
• Al-Balushi, Y. (2015). Cultural dimensions and their impact on organizational behavior in Oman. Oman Journal of Organizational Studies, 1(1), 1-15.
• Aldossari, M., & Chaudhry, S. (2023). Gender Issues at the Workforce in the Middle East. Doing Business in the Middle East: A Research-Based Practitioners’ Guide.
• Al-Hamadi, A. B., & Esmaeil, S. A. (2017). Training and skill development for employment in Oman's private sector. Journal of Vocational Education and Training, 69(3), 412-427.
• Al-Jabri, A., & Al-Abri, A. (2013). Education and labor market needs in Oman: A case for reform. International Journal of Educational Development, 33(4), 325-331.
• Al-Lamki, S. M. (2000). Omanization: A three-tier strategic framework for human resource management and training in the Sultanate of Oman. Journal of Comparative International Management, 3(1), 55-75.
• Al-Lamki, S. M. (2005). Women and employment in Oman: A case study of Sultan Qaboos University. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 25(10/11), 25-37.
• Al-Mawali, N. (2016). Public vs. private sector efficiency: A case study of the Omanese labor market. Economic Bulletin, 36(4), 2175-2185.
• Al-Waqfi, M. A., & Forstenlechner, I. (2014). Barriers to Emiratization: The role of policy design and institutional environment in determining the effectiveness of Emiratization. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 25(2), 167-189.
• Andersson, T., & Djeflat, A. (Eds.). (2012). The real issues of the Middle East and the Arab Spring: Addressing research, innovation and entrepreneurship. Springer Science and Business Media.
• Bandura, A. (2012). Cultivate self‐efficacy for personal and organizational effectiveness. Handbook of Principles of Organizational Behavior: Indispensable Knowledge for Evidence‐Based Management, 179-200.
• Bashir, S., Bashir, Z., & Nazir, M. (2015). Time management and its application in academic life: a study of Omani students at Dhofar University, sultanate of Oman. ANGLISTICUM. Journal of the Association-Institute for English Language and American Studies, 4(2), 15-20.
• Besky, S., & Brown, S. (2015). Looking for work: Placing labor in food studies. Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas, 12(1-2), 19-43.
• Callen, M. T., Cherif, R., Hasanov, F., Hegazy, M. A., & Khandelwal, P. (2014). Economic diversification in the GCC: Past, present, and future. International Monetary Fund.
• Choueiri, Y. (2013). Modern Arab historiography: historical discourse and the nation-state. Routledge.
• Crebert, G., Bates, M., Bell, B., Patrick, C. J., & Cragnolini, V. (2004). Developing generic skills at university, during work placement and in employment: graduates' perceptions. Higher Education Research and Development, 23(2), 147-165.
• Crosby, D., Bhatia, S., Brindle, K. M., Coussens, L. M., Dive, C., Emberton, M., & Balasubramanian, S. (2022). Early detection of cancer. Science, 375(6586), eaay9040.
• Dingus D., Eckert M., Ridge N., & Jeon S. (2022). "The influence of father involvement on their children’s self-esteem in the Arab world." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 53, no. 1 (2022): 104-130.
• Erumban, A. A., & Al-Mejren, A. (2024). Expatriate jobs and productivity: Evidence from two GCC economies. Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, 71, 248-260.
• Favell, A. (2003). Integration nations: The nation-state and research on immigrants in Western Europe. In Multicultural, challenge (pp. 13-42). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
• Fu, X. M., Bao, Q., Xie, H., & Fu, X. (2021). Diffusion of industrial robotics and inclusive growth: Labour market evidence from cross-country data. Journal of Business Research, 122, 670-684.
• Ghouse, S. M., Durrah, O., & McElwee, G. (2021). Rural women entrepreneurs in Oman: problems and opportunities. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 27(7), 1674-1695.
• Gonzalez, G. (2008). Facing human capital challenges of the 21st century: Education and labor market initiatives in Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (Vol. 786). Rand Corporation.
• Hamdoun, M., Achabou, M. A., & Dekhili, S. (2022). Could CSR improve the financial performance of developing countries’ firms? Analyses of mediating effect of intangible resources. European Business Review, 34(1), 41-61.
• Inyang, B. J., & Enuoh, R. O. (2009). Entrepreneurial competencies: The missing links to successful entrepreneurship in Nigeria. International business research, 2(2), 62-71.
• Kristjansson, A. L., Sigfusdottir, I. D., & Allegrante, J. P. (2013). Adolescent substance use and peer use: a multilevel analysis of cross-sectional population data. Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 8, 1-10.
• Lichtenberg, J. D., Lachmann, F. M., & Fosshage, J. L. (2016). Self and motivational systems: Towards a theory of psychoanalytic technique. Routledge.
• Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Principles of economics (7th Ed.). Cengage Learning.
• Naguib, R., & Madeeha, M. (2023, May). “Making visible the invisible”: Exploring the role of gender biases on the glass ceiling in Qatar's public sector. In Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 98, p. 102723). Pergamon.
• Parker, S. K., & Ohly, S. (2008). Designing motivating jobs: An expanded framework for linking work characteristics and motivation. In Work Motivation (pp. 260-311). Routledge.
• Porkodi, S., AlZadjali, A. S., AlRahbi, F. S., & AlNabhani, Y. M. (2022). Effect of Cultural Intelligence (CI) on Patient Care Services in Private Hospitals at Muscat Governorate. European Journal of Business and Management Research, 7(1), 304-311.
• Preuss, L., Barkemeyer, R., & Glavas, A. (2016). Corporate social responsibility in developing country multinationals: identifying company and country-level influences. Business Ethics Quarterly, 26(3), 347-378.
• Van Ark, B. (2005). Productivity and economic growth in the OECD since the 1990s. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19(4), 23-46.
• Vîrjan, D., Manole, A. M., Stanef-Puică, M. R., Chenic, A. S., Papuc, C. M., Huru, D., & Bănacu, C. S. (2023). Competitiveness—the engine that boosts economic growth and revives the economy. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 11, 561.
• Wagdi, O., & Sayed, S. (2023). An analytical study of the work environment in industrial companies: Evidence from Arab countries. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(1), 2175489.
• Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021). Achieving effective remote working during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A work design perspective. Applied psychology, 70(1), 16-59.
• World Bank. (2019). Global Economic Prospects: Heightened Tensions, Subdued Investment. World Bank Group.
• Yasmeen, K. (2023). Justice in the workplace: Islamic principles for wage determination. Islamic Economic Studies, (ahead-of-print).
• Young, K. E. (2016). Women's labor force participation across the GCC. Washington, DC: Arab Gulf States
• Nuha Sultan Al-Harithi is a researcher with a master’s degree in economics who has experience working in the Ministry of Manpower in Oman. She is involved in research focusing on economic development, labor policies, and workforce management in Oman.
• Kausar Yasmeen is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Economics and Finance at the University of Nizwa, Oman. With a PhD and Postdoctoral in Economics from Universiti Utara Malaysia, her research spans economic policies, Islamic economics, and labor economics. Dr. Yasmeen has led multiple research projects funded by The Research Council (TRC) of Oman and has a strong record of publications, including books and journal articles. She is actively involved in community service and academic development initiatives, reflecting her commitment to fostering a collaborative scholarly environment.
• Salem Al Abri is the Acting Dean and an Assistant Professor in the Department of Business Management at the College of Economics, Management, and Information Systems, University of Nizwa, Oman. He earned his PhD in Business from The Australian National University, and a Master’s in Organization Development from Bowling Green State University, USA. His research interests include Human Resource Management, Leadership, and Organizational Behavior. Dr. Al Abri has presented at numerous international conferences and published several papers on entrepreneurship and leadership in reputable journals.
• Swadhin Kumar Mondal is an Associate Professor in the Department of Economics and Finance at the College of Economics, Management, and Information Systems, University of Nizwa, Oman. He holds a PhD in Economics from Vidyasagar University, India. Since joining the University of Nizwa in 2017, Dr. Mondal has taught courses in Econometrics, Microeconomics, and GCC Economics. His research focuses on health financing, equity, and pharmaceutical economics, with numerous publications in peer-reviewed journals. He is an active member of various professional associations, including the Indian Health Economics and Policy Association and the International Health Economic Association.
How to Cite
Sultan Al-Harithi, Nuha, Kausar Yasmeen, Salem Said Salem Al Abri, and Swadhin Mondal. 2024. “Dynamics of Productivity in Oman: An Ordered Logistic Regression”. Studies in Business and Economics 27 (2). https://doi.org/10.29117/sbe.2024.0154.
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