Enhancing Well-being through Data-Driven solutions in Health Research by incorporating Social Determinants of Health in Electronic Medical Records
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1305-3446
Abstract
Social Determinants of Health-SDoH are pivotal factors, accounting for 30-55% of health outcomes (WHO, 2023). Beyond SDG3 (Good Health and Wellbeing), other SDGs directly influence health. Therefore, a comprehensive approach is essential to gather and exchange SDoH data across sectors. This policy intervention incorporates the SDoH Data Elements- DEs that enrich Electronic Medical Record-EMR architecture. Incorporating SDoH is an essential factor that enhances individual data capture and collection for better research on health equity, human well-being, and disease surveillance. A descriptive-analytical study assessed existing DEs, datasets, and metadata within governmental EMRs across 15 hospitals and 13 Primary healthcare centres in the West Bank. These metadata were mapped and reviewed in the context of SDoH availability. By reviewing more than four hundred DEs within EMR screens, only a few SDoH DEs were identified, primarily related to patient address and health insurance type. Moreover, downstream SDoH DEs such as housing stability, living conditions, food security, income, education, transportation, social support systems, cultural competency, behavioural health lacked clear classification. The available EMR metadata characterised as limited to medical and financial orientation rather than public health DEs. One key finding of the study is the lack of clear definitions, contextual understanding, and relationships between metadata elements within SDOH data in EMRs in public hospitals. Additionally, inconsistencies in data standards and formats, challenges in tracking updates and versioning, insufficient user guidance, and limited accessibility further hinder the effective utilization and integration of SDOH data within EMR systems. The recommendations are: adding structured and classified SDOH DEs might improve the real-time alerts and predictive analytics in identifying vulnerable populations more efficiently. In conclusion, aligning EMR design including SDoH with targeted SDG will help future research on human well-being.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Social determinants of healthElectronic medical recordDigital health interventionPolicy intervention
Ahmadi et al. (2022). Improving and Promoting Social Determinants of Health at a System Level. The Joint Commission Journal on Quality and Patient Safety, 48(8): 376-384. doi: 10.1016/j.jcjq.2022.06.004
Bih-O, L. (2022). [Precision Health and Nursing Care in the Digital Age]. doi: 10.6224/jn.202204_69(2).01
Bikash et al. (2022). Preliminary Considerations for Electronic Medical Record (EMR) in the Public Hospitals of Gandaki Province in Nepal. Journal of General Practice and Emergency Medicine of Nepal, doi: 10.59284/jgpeman42
Braja et al. (2021). Extracting Social Determinants of Health from Electronic Health Records Using Natural Language Processing: A Systematic Review, Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, Vol. 28, Issue 12, pp. 2716–2727, https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocab170
Carrie et al. (2023). Real-world Integration of the Protocol for Responding to and Assessing Patients’ Assets, Risks, and Experiences Tool to Assess Social Determinants of Health in the Electronic Medical Record at an Academic Medical Center. Digital Health, doi: 10.1177/20552076231176652
Castro, D. (2009). The Role of Information Technology in Medical Research.
Dan, Belletti., Christopher, Zacker., C., Daniel, Mullins. (2010). Perspectives on Electronic Medical Records Adoption: Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in Outcomes Research. Patient-Related Outcome Measures, doi: 10.2147/PROM.S8896
Garg., R. (2023). Individualization of Hypertension Treatment: An Expert Review. International Journal of Advances in Medicine, doi: 10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20232150
Joan, et al. (2023). Behavioural Incentive Design for Health Policy, doi: 10.1017/9781009168113
Joy et al. (2020). Addressing Policy Coherence Between Health in All Policies Approach and the Sustainable Development Goals Implementation: Insights from Kenya. International Journal Of Health Policy and Management, doi: 10.34172/IJHPM.2020.212
Kelsey et al. (2022). Automating Data Collection Methods in Electronic Health Record Systems: A Social Determinant of Health (SDOH) Viewpoint. Health Systems, doi: 10.1080/20476965.2022.2075796
Khan et al. (2022). Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Health Professionals Working in a Major Health Care System Regarding Social Determinants of Health (SDOH) and Community Health Workers (CHWs). medRxiv, doi: 10.1101/2022.02.21.22271311
Kim et al. (2022). Applying a Socioecological Framework to Chronic Disease Management: Implications for Social Informatics Interventions in Safety-Net Healthcare Settings. JAMIA Open, doi: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooac014
Kollapally et al. (2022). An Ontology for the Social Determinants of Health Domain. 2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022, Las Vegas, NV, USA (pp. 2403-2410). doi: 10.1109/BIBM55620.2022.9995544
Lofters et al. (2017). Using Self-Reported Data on the Social Determinants Of Health in Primary Care to Identify Cancer Screening Disparities: Opportunities and Challenges. BMC Family Practice, 18(31). doi: 10.1186/s12875-017-0599-x
McCullough, Steve, Parente. (2011). The Impact of Health Information Technology on Patient Outcomes.
Ming et al. (2023). Evaluating the Impact of Social Determinants on Health Prediction. arXiv.org, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2305.12622
Oriana et al. (2019). Urban Health: An Example of a "Health in All Policies" Approach in the Context of SDGs Implementation. Globalization and Health, doi: 10.1186/S12992-019-0529-Z
Patricia, Whitley., Hossain, Shahriar., Sweta, Sneha. (2021). Impact of Health Information Technologies on the Quality of Healthcare Deliveries. doi: 10.4018/IJARPHM.2021010103
Pavani et al. (2022). The Relationship Between Social Determinants of Health (Sdoh) and Death from Cardiovascular Disease or Opioid use in Counties Across the United States (2009–2018). BMC Public Health, doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12653-8
Peter et al. (2009). Biomedical Informatics and Outcomes Research Enabling Knowledge-Driven Health Care. Circulation, doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.795526
Piyali et al. (2022). Personalized Medicine: An Innovation in Health-Care System. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, doi: 10.22159/ajpcr.2022.v15i10.45460
Shane et al. (2023). Target-based Fusion Using Social Determinants of Health to Enhance Suicide Prediction with Electronic Health Records. PLOS ONE, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283595
Shastri, A., Sawant, D., & Parmar, N. (2021). A Review on Personalized Therapies. Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, doi: 10.9734/JPRI/2021/V33I39B32188
Solar, O, & Irwin, A. A. (2010). Conceptual Framework for Action on the Social Determinants of Health. Social Determinants of Health Discussion Paper 2 (Policy and Practice).
Stephanie et al. (2023). Applying a Social Determinants of Health Framework to Guide Digital Innovations that Reduce Disparities in Chronic Disease. Psychosomatic Medicine, doi: 10.1097/PSY.0000000000001176
The Palestinian National Health Data Dictionary, Version 2, MOH (2005) as the only local source in Palestine.
Vale, M. D., & Perkins, D. W. (2022). Discuss and Remember: Clinician Strategies for Integrating Social Determinants of Health in Patient Records and Care. Social Science & Medicine, doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115548
Walt et al. (2008). ‘Doing’ Health Policy Analysis: Methodological and Conceptual Reflections and Challenges, Health Policy and Planning, 23(5), pp. 308–317, https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czn024
Weber, J. H., & ., Ho, J. (2020). Applying Bidirectional Transformations to the Design of Interoperable EMR Systems, doi: 10.1007/S41666-019-00065-0
Xiaoyi et al. (2023). Knowledge Mapping and Research Trends of the Social Determinants of Health (Sdoh): A Scientometric Analysis. Reviews on Environmental Health, doi: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0186
Yan et al. (2022). Effectiveness of Social Needs Screening and Interventions in Clinical Settings on Utilization, Cost, and Clinical Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Health Equity, 6(1):454-475. doi: 10.1089/heq.2022.0010. PMID: 35801145; PMCID: PMC9257553