Tajseer Journal

Back Matter

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Editorial Board

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Editorial Board

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Editorial Foreword

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Editorial Foreword

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Table of Content

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Table of Content

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Social sciences in the South: from the dominance of Western centrality to cognitive liberation

Abdelhalim Mahourbacha — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This research paper aims to present a critical approach to Western social sciences by exposing the fallacy of their universal claims, linking them to the cultural, civilizational and historical particularities that gave rise to them. The paper also seeks to clarify the relationship between social sciences in the Global South and the colonial phenomenon, as well as the Western modernity project. It highlights the efforts made by researchers in these countries to liberate social sciences from the dominance of Western centralism and explores the nature of cognitive alternatives they developed. The paper presents four alternatives rooted in four major civilizational cultures: Latin American, Asian, African, and Islamic. The paper concludes with several key findings, the most prominent of which is the revival of cooperation among researchers in the Global South to develop cognitive and theoretical approaches that contribute to the study of post-colonial societies.

Bridging the Epistemological Gap Between Normative and Professional Ethics: An approach of Applied Ethics as a Paradigm

Khaled Qutb — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Ethicists question whether normative ethical values can adequately address the moral dilemmas arising from rapid scientific progress, technological applications, the influence of multinational corporations on knowledge production and dissemination. These developments have created ethical challenges that permeate both personal and professional life. The question remains: Can normative ethics alone provide a paradigm for navigating these complexities, or do they fall short? In recent decades, there has been interest in bridging the gap between abstract, formal normative ethics and applied ethics. This interest has been driven by the ethical dilemmas arising from injustice, and human rights violations, particularly in fields such as healthcare, human rights, and business. These pressing moral challenges have prompted contemporary ethicists to seek an interdisciplinary approach to addressing the ethical dilemmas faced by professionals, ultimately aiming to close the divide between normative and applied ethics. This paper posits that the ethical issues and challenges arising within professions, as well as in the relationships between service providers and their clients, necessitate a methodology that extends beyond narrow specializations, limited professional rules, regulations, and laws. It advocates for adopting "applied ethics" as a paradigm capable of fostering interdisciplinary exchange, generating novel insights and interpretations, and facilitating rich, innovative interactions. This approach strengthens the connection between theoretical knowledge derived from normative ethical reasoning, society, values, and practices, particularly in professional contexts.

A Conceptual Approach to Bridging the Relationship Between Computational Intelligence & The Social Sciences: An Applied Computational Model

Hasan M. Al-Rizzo — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Text Network Analysis (TNA) serves as a potent tool for dissecting various forms of textual e-content, offering profound insights into their underlying structures. In this study, we illuminate the potential of harnessing computational intelligence within the realm of social sciences by applying Text Network Analysis to a seminal work in the sociology of knowledge. Authored by two scholars, this work delves into the intricate interplay between reality, society, and knowledge.

Our utilization of computational intelligence tools has proven adept at discerning the epistemic phrases and concepts embedded within the text, unraveling the intricate tapestry of the authors' discourse and revealing a rich tapestry of social and epistemic concepts. The computational approach yielded a reading coefficient of 16.943, indicative of the material's challenging nature. Furthermore, an analysis of the book's content highlighted the prominence of key terms: Reality, Knowledge, Social, Society, and World. To augment our understanding, we visually represented the connections between the book's vocabulary and the meanings inherent in its text. We then delved deeper into the network fabric of three conceptual domains: Social-Reality-Knowledge, Social-Society, and World-Society-Individual. The analysis unveiled the intricate relationships within these concept networks, offering invaluable insights for social science students and researchers, streamlining analysis processes, and saving valuable time. This innovative approach to computationally processing social texts serves as a bridge between the realms of smart computing and social sciences, paving the way for new synergies and expanded horizons at the intersection of these two fields of knowledge.

Psychology and Natural Sciences: An Epistemological Reading of the Contribution of Natural Sciences to the Development of Psychology Subject, Methodology, Theoretical Framework

Hicham Eddamnati — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This scientific article aims to present an epistemological analysis to understand the chronology of the contribution of the natural sciences to the development of psychology. We have started from the hypothesis that the true sciences have a major role in what psychology has reached today, and that is based on three principles: subject and method, in addition to the theoretical framework. As for the subject of psychology, it was defined from the beginning by the physiologist and Liam James on the subject of feeling. He tried to present a physics approach to study the components of feeling and understand the relationship between these components. Then this subject developed to study behavior with the contributions made by the physiologist Ivan Pavlov in what is called with classical conditioning, which were the first laboratory-based experiments in psychology, this contribution continues to define the topic that psychology works on today, which is behavior and mental processes. The contribution of the natural sciences has emerged through the discoveries that have been made in the field of physiology, such as the discovery of the areas responsible for About language, the study of the sensory system, and the study of the mind... These important discoveries led to the development of psychology at the level of the curriculum on which it became dependent. It moved with cognitive and neurological psychology to rely on new techniques such as brain imaging and some of the methods used.

Economic and Social Sciences: Building Bridges for Just and Effective Policies

Rais Foudil — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This research examines the importance of bridging the gap between economics and social sciences to better understand contemporary economic phenomena. Economics, which emerged in the eighteenth century focusing on capitalist laws, methodological individualism, and self-interest as primary drivers of economic behavior, has been criticized for unrealistic assumptions about individual rationality and complete markets, often neglecting social factors and uncertainty. Given the significant social and economic changes, it is crucial for economics to move beyond abstract models and incorporate insights from sociology to study the institutional and cultural factors that influence individual and group behavior. This interdisciplinary approach enhances public policy development that addresses contemporary challenges and promotes social justice through a deeper understanding of the social factors shaping economic decisions. The research aims to achieve three objectives: exploring the impact of social relationships on economic policies and addressing social gaps, analyzing the adequacy of current economic theories in addressing social justice issues and proposing new models, and emphasizing social justice in creating inclusive economic policies for sustainable development. It illustrates how bridging economics with social sciences leads to more effective and just policies that reflect social realities and foster sustainable development rooted in justice and equality.

In the Relationship between Economics and Anthropology: The Experience and the Future of Anthropological Research in the Sudan

Abu Baker Al Hadi — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This paper examines the interdisciplinary and integrative relationship between economics and anthropology by reviewing the contributions of anthropological research to the study of Sudanese community from both theoretical and methodological perspectives. It seeks to answer a fundamental question: How have the boundaries of economics and anthropology overlapped and integrated methodologically in studying the economy of Sudanese community, with a particular focus on the research conducted by anthropologists on traditional economies in this context? The paper aims to explore and analyze the relationship between economics and anthropology, highlighting the field of economic anthropology and the significance of its perspectives in studies that have examined Sudanese communities. It also seeks to discuss the future of integration between these two disciplines and assess the potential for advancing future research that benefits from this methodological intersection, with the goal of contributing to desired social changes that support the development of societies in general, and Sudanese society in particular. Methodologically, the study relies on secondary data in addition to fieldwork observations conducted by the researcher during the periods 2005–2013 and 2019–2023. Through a review of anthropological research in Sudan, the paper reaches several key findings, most notably that some Western anthropologists were not primarily serving colonial administration but were concerned with development issues, as exemplified by Ian Cunnison. Furthermore, studying the economy of Sudanese society necessitates incorporating the anthropological perspective, given the interplay of cultural and social factors in shaping economic activities. The study also underscores the need to enhance the integration between economics and anthropology and the importance of networking among researchers in both fields to support future interdisciplinary research.

The Impact of Primary Affiliations on Organized Violence: Interdisciplinary Approaches

Abdalla Galaleldeen — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Regional affiliations can be viewed as the black market or shadow realm of politics, surfacing and flourishing whenever the natural political order is disrupted or political systems face crises. These affiliations represent a manifestation of illegitimate practices within the broader power struggles. Their roots stem from the ethnic, tribal, and sectarian diversity that defines pluralistic societies. Although this cultural and social diversity is rich, it inherently generates tensions among different social groups, often culminating in collective violence, where each tribe fosters its own solidarity and deploys it against others. From this fixed perspective, tribalism appears as a structural issue within societies with pluralistic frameworks, making its elimination difficult as long as these structures persist. Despite this, no definitive solution or comprehensive approach has yet been found to address civil wars and collective violence in countries like Sudan and Ethiopia, highlighting the urgent need to explore mechanisms to mitigate these phenomena or to promote peaceful and sustainable coexistence. In addressing the research question on the relationship between regional affiliations and collective violence, an interdisciplinary approach has been adopted, incorporating sociology, political science, and intersecting fields within the social sciences. With recent developments, tribes have assumed an increasingly prominent role in the political landscape, often participating in the political process to serve the interests of regimes or the state. However, this shift presents a significant threat to national identity, as it reproduces tribal affiliations as parallel centers of power, undermining the concept of citizenship and an inclusive sense of national belonging.

Front Matter

Hamzeh Abdallah Ayed Khwaileh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Report The Efficiency of Social Sciences Theories in Explaining Arab Reality

Sarah Nasser — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Report

The Efficiency of Social Sciences Theories in Explaining Arab Reality

Report Tajseer Journal Seminars (Virtual): The State of Interdisciplinary Studies at Qatar University

Maryam Al Dubai — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Report

Tajseer Journal Seminars (Virtual):

The State of Interdisciplinary Studies at Qatar University

Book Review Interdisciplinary Studies in Anthropology and Sociology: Orientalism-Language-Philosophy, by Saad Sarhat

Rafiq Belaidi — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Book Review

Interdisciplinary Studies in Anthropology and Sociology: Orientalism-Language-Philosophy, by Saad Sarhat

Book Review Philosophy of Interdisciplinarity: Studies in Science, Society and Sustainability, by Jan Cornelius Schmidt

Omar Hajjam — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

Book Review

Philosophy of Interdisciplinarity: Studies in Science, Society and Sustainability, by Jan Cornelius Schmidt

Interdisciplinarity in Historical Perspective

هناء خليف غني — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This paper sketches a historical account of interdisciplinarity. A central claim advanced is that the modern array of scientific and humanistic disciplines and interdisciplinarity emerged together; both are moving targets, which must therefore be studied historically in relation to one another as institutionalized practices. A second claim is that of a steadily increasing complexity; new fields emerged on the boundaries of existing disciplines beginning in the late nineteenth century, followed by multi- and transdisciplinary initiatives in the twentieth, and finally transdisciplinary programmatic research in the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The latter two phases in this development have been driven primarily by funding agencies seeking to move the sciences in particular directions deemed socially or politically desirable (in dictatorships as well as democracies), while the existing disciplines remained in place and new ones came into being. Such policy initiatives have transformed both disciplinarity and interdisciplinarity in unanticipated ways. The question whether multi- or transdisciplinary arrangements produce epistemically better science or scholarship appears not to have been raised, let alone examined, by the policy actors driving their creation.

Epistemology for Interdisciplinary Research – Shifting Philosophical Paradigms of Science

Bassel Almasalmeh — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

In science policy, it is generally acknowledged that science-based problem-solving requires interdisciplinary research. For example, policy makers invest in funding programs such as Horizon 2020 that aim to stimulate interdisciplinary research. Yet the epistemological processes that lead to effective interdisciplinary research are poorly understood. This article aims at an epistemology for interdisciplinary research (IDR), in particular, IDR for solving ‘real-world’ problems. Focus is on the question why researchers experience cognitive and epistemic difficulties in conducting IDR. Based on a study of educational literature it is concluded that higher-education is missing clear ideas on the epistemology of IDR, and as a consequence, on how to teach it. It is conjectured that the lack of philosophical interest in the epistemology of IDR is due to a philosophical paradigm of science (called a physics paradigm of science), which prevents recognizing severe epistemological challenges of IDR, both in the philosophy of science as well as in science education and research. The proposed alternative philosophical paradigm (called an engineering paradigm of science) entails alternative philosophical presuppositions regarding aspects such as the aim of science, the character of knowledge, the epistemic and pragmatic criteria for accepting knowledge, and the role of technological instruments. This alternative philosophical paradigm assume the production of knowledge for epistemic functions as the aim of science, and interprets ‘knowledge’ (such as theories, models, laws, and concepts) as epistemic tools that must allow for conducting epistemic tasks by epistemic agents, rather than interpreting knowledge as representations that objectively represent aspects of the world independent of the way in which it was constructed. The engineering paradigm of science involves that knowledge is indelibly shaped by how it is constructed. Additionally, the way in which scientific disciplines (or fields) construct knowledge is guided by the specificities of the discipline, which can be analyzed in terms of disciplinary perspectives. This implies that knowledge and the epistemic uses of knowledge cannot be understood without at least some understanding of how the knowledge is constructed. Accordingly, scientific researchers need so-called metacognitive scaffolds to assist in analyzing and reconstructing how ‘knowledge’ is constructed and how different disciplines do this differently. In an engineering paradigm of science, these metacognitive scaffolds can also be interpreted as epistemic tools, but in this case as tools that guide, enable and constrain analyzing and articulating how knowledge is produced (i.e., explaining epistemological aspects of doing research). In interdisciplinary research, metacognitive scaffolds assist interdisciplinary communication aiming to analyze and articulate how the discipline constructs knowledge.

Economic Models and Islamic Faith: A Critical Assessment of Reductionist Approaches

Afnan Al-Malk, Akram Temimi — Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0300

This paper critically examines the application of economic models to Islamic religious principles and practices. While the economics of religion has emerged as a growing field of study, we argue that its application to Islam often results in reductionist interpretations that strip the religion of its essence by reducing complex spiritual experiences to material motivations. Through detailed case studies of recent influential works, we show how economic models tend to misrepresent Islamic practices by overlooking theological foundations, imposing materialistic interpretations, making ahistorical assumptions, and completely ignoring dimensions of welfare that are long-rooted in the study of Maqāṣid al-sharīʻah (Higher objectives of al-sharīʿa). The paper concludes that the current application of economic models to Islamic principles often obstructs rather than enhances our understanding of religious belief and practice. This critique contributes to broader discussions about the limits of economic methodology in studying religious and spiritual dimensions of the human experience.