Bichi MAH. The Vital Interests of the Ummah and the Conditions for Civilizational Response in the Thought of Imam al-Qaraḍāwī . JCSIS [Internet]. 2025 Jan. 23 [cited 2025 Apr. 24];43(1). Available from: https://journals.qu.edu.qa/index.php/sharia/article/view/4744